The main advantage of aerated concrete is its high ability to save heat. This quality creates heat capacity, the ability of aerated concrete to transfer thermal energy.
What does the term “heat capacity” mean and how is it understood in relation to aerated concrete. What is the value of this indicator, what factors does it depend on and what useful information does it contain?
The use of alternative materials for the construction of buildings and structures is aimed at reducing costs, reducing labor costs and reducing construction time. In this regard, one of the brightest representatives of the cellular concrete family stands out - aerated concrete. It has a lot of useful qualities. The low heat capacity of aerated concrete is its main advantage over old, traditional building materials. Along with its low weight, this indicator has become the reason for the widespread use of the material in the field of private housing construction. Let's take a closer look at it.
Manufacturing process
In its production, Itong uses environmentally friendly raw materials:
- Sand.
- Cement.
- Water.
- Aluminum paste.
- Lime.
A mixture of cement and sand mixed with water foams through the chemical interaction of aluminum and lime. Hydrogen gas uniformly forms spherical closed pores in the material. The mass, increased fivefold in volume, is grasped and cut into structural parts with thin strings according to specified dimensions. The strength of the products is given in an autoclave, where they are steamed for 12 hours at a temperature of 190°C under a pressure of 12 atmospheres.
Characteristics of aerated concrete blocks
1. Durability. High load-bearing capacity with low weight is ensured by autoclave processing of the material. From Yutong, it is recommended to raise external enclosing structures no more than 20 m high and up to 5 floors, self-supporting walls no higher than 30 m, up to 9 levels.
2. Durability. Compliance with construction technologies ensures the operation of aerated concrete structures for more than 100 years.
3. Low moisture absorption. Does not absorb rain or melt water.
4. Geometric accuracy. Itong produces all parts according to exact dimensions (the error is no more than 0.8 mm).
5. Easy to process. Geometrically precise dimensions make it possible to lay perfectly even walls and partitions. Decorative finishing without preliminary leveling significantly reduces construction time. Their porous structure is easily amenable to any influence: sawed, milled, drilled with conventional tools, nails, staples and other fasteners are hammered into them without effort.
6. Sound insulation. The soft porous surface has a high ability to absorb and disperse sound waves, significantly reducing the noise level in the room.
7. Frost resistance. In the capillaries of the porous structure of aerated blocks, water, which increases in volume when freezing, expands without tearing the material.
8. Non-flammable. Non-flammable, autoclaved concrete elements can be used for the construction of buildings with temperatures on the insulating surface up to +400°C.
9. Vapor permeability. The ability to “breathe” prevents rotting, subsidence, and mold formation in the walls.
10. Seismic resistance. In regions with increased seismic activity, such buildings reduce the consequences of destruction from earthquakes and other natural disasters.
11. Thermal insulation. Itong autoclave blocks have the lowest heat penetration coefficient.
12. Energy efficiency. Due to low thermal conductivity, structures made from autoclaved parts are highly energy-saving.
13. Cost-effective. When constructing buildings made of aerated concrete, there is no need to use additional heat-insulating and sound-absorbing materials. The construction of thin walls reduces labor costs several times. There is no need for constant repair and restoration of durable structures.
Parts made from Yutong autoclaved concrete successfully combine the environmental friendliness of wood and the ease of processing with the strength of stone.
Types of products:
- Wall blocks of different configurations.
- Multifunctional U-shaped for enclosing structures and permanent formwork.
- Reinforced lintels made of porous concrete for internal and external load-bearing walls.
- Arc-shaped elements for the construction of smooth semicircular partitions, elegant bay windows and “snail” showers.
- Aerated blocks for partitions are used when renovating premises with redevelopment of the internal space.
- Prefabricated monolithic floors and stairs.
Description of Ytong features according to expert reviews:
- Lightweight porous products greatly facilitate transportation, loading and unloading and installation work. Thanks to its low weight, the load on supporting structures and the base is reduced.
- Frost resistance is at least one hundred cycles.
- Yutong parts are produced systematically: they are selected and adjusted relative to each other.
- The strength of autoclaved concrete at a temperature of +400°C increases by 80-85%. Ytong brand building materials are recommended for the installation of fire protection structures of any fire resistance class. Without igniting, without melting or deforming, the walls prevent smoke and the spread of fire.
- The technology of thin-seam laying of wall gas blocks and the tongue-and-groove system, which replaces vertical seams, prevent active heat exchange between the environment and the microclimate inside the building.
Where can I buy?
Itong can be purchased from the company's distributors at retail prices in 24 Russian regions. In the Moscow region, these products are sold by LLC Gazobeton-Stroy-Service, UNIKMA, LLC HEBEL-BLOK and others.
| Construction material/dimensions | HEBEL-BLOCK | Aerated concrete-Stroy-Service | UNIQMA |
| Wall D500 625x250x375 (rub/m3) | 4200 | 4600 | 4600 |
| U-shaped D500 500x250x200 (rub/piece) | 228 | 269 | 269 |
Customer Reviews
“We were quite pleased with the unit, the reviews don’t lie. The builders noted the exact geometric dimensions and ease of processing, adjusted some parts, filed them, and drilled holes. In the future we plan to build a garage also from Itong.”
Sergey, Moscow.
“The blocks arrived without chips or damage, I’m happy with the quality and price of the material. The product is very good and does not crumble under my fingers like other building materials I have held in my hands. Don’t hesitate to order, you won’t regret it!”
Dmitry, Nizhny Novgorod.
“The products are great, to be sure. The quality of the blocks, geometry, low percentage of damaged elements and cost are worthy of high praise. A wide and good range completely covers the needs when building a country house. We even installed the same staircase.”
Dmitry, Moscow region.
“We read reviews on the Internet on forums and decided to buy. The stone met all expectations during construction. Convenient to transport, easy to cut with a saw, light, warm. The walls turned out even and smooth. The house has been erected, plastered and must remain in place for a year. We hope it will be warm in winter and cool in summer.”
Ignat, St. Petersburg.
This is interesting: Floors in a house made of aerated concrete: types and design
Prefabricated monolithic floors
Prefabricated monolithic slabs of the YTONG® brand are designed for use in residential, civil and industrial construction. The composition of the floors includes two main elements:
- Lightweight reinforced concrete beams with free reinforcement in the form of spatial frames. The length of the beams is individual and is determined based on the spans to be covered. Currently, beams are produced that can span spans of up to 9 meters.
- YTONG® floor blocks (liner blocks with two side grooves in the lower part rest on reinforced concrete beams).
The use of prefabricated monolithic YTONG® floors allows you to:
- install the ceiling without using a crane
- ensure high ceiling performance in terms of thermal conductivity and sound insulation
- provide high load-bearing capacity of the floor, allowing you to abandon special foundations for fireplaces, stoves and swimming pools
- cover wall load-bearing structures of complex shape with bay windows and projections, which allows you to implement almost any planning solutions
- reduce the cost of installing floors (compared to monolithic floors, costs are reduced by approximately 30%)
- provide flooring in hard-to-reach places, which is especially important when reconstructing buildings with existing roofs
- modify (cut, shorten, give the required shape) floor elements directly on the construction site
- stop using screeds to level the base
- replace wooden and weakened floors with monolithic ones in reconstructed buildings
Reducing the cost of installing prefabricated monolithic YTONG® floors is achieved through:
- lower cost of work while reducing the time it takes to complete it - 100 m2 of flooring can be assembled by four unskilled workers in 3 days
- exclusion from the technological process of removable formwork (waterproof plywood, corrugated sheeting) and auxiliary materials (supports for reinforcement, emulsion for lubricating formwork)
- significant reduction in the number of technological supports used (inventory racks or wooden blocks
- possibility of carrying out work without the use of a crane or other lifting mechanisms
Ytong Floor Beams
| Ytong beams | Diameter of fittings, mm | Weight per meter | |||
| Name | top | bottom | add. | kg | |
| Beam 200-4 | 8 | 12 | 14,03 | ||
| Beam 200-6 | 8 | 12 | 8+8 | 14,82 | |
| Beam 200-8 | 8 | 12 | 12+12 | 15,81 | |
| Beam 200-10 | 8 | 12 | 16+16 | 17,19 | |
Ytong T-Shaped Floor Blocks
| Dimensions, mm | Quantity on pallet | ||||
| length | width | height | things | m³ | |
| 600 | 250 | 200 | 42 | 1,26 | |
Ytong jumpers
| Dimensions, mm | Quantity on pallet | ||||
| length | height | width | things | m³ | |
| 1500 | 124 | 115 | 24 | 0,51 | |
| 2000 | 124 | 115 | 24 | 0,68 | |
| 2500 | 124 | 115 | 24 | 0,86 | |
| 3000 | 124 | 115 | 24 | 1,03 | |
| 1500 | 124 | 175 | 24 | 0,78 | |
| 2000 | 124 | 175 | 24 | 1,04 | |
| 2500 | 124 | 175 | 24 | 1,30 | |
| 3000 | 124 | 175 | 24 | 1,56 | |
Ytong Arc Block
| Radius | Dimensions, mm | Quantity on pallet | ||
| internal/external | height | width | things | |
| 50/60 | 250 | 100 | 36 | |
| 90/100 | 250 | 100 | 36 | |
Delivery of Ytong blocks (Yitong)
Delivery of blocks to the customer’s site is carried out by long 20-ton trucks (trucks). Delivery by trucks with a crane is also possible. Check the cost of this service with the managers of the Profsnabzhenie company. Dimensions of a car with a semi-trailer: cabin - from 2 to 5 m, semi-trailer - from 12 to 13.6 m (depending on the brand of the car). It is possible to deliver aerated concrete to other cities in the European part of the Russian Federation. You can find out the specific vehicle load, as well as how many blocks fit on a pallet, in the table below. A 20-ton vehicle is loaded with 21, 22, 24 and 30 pallets .
Loading rate for one pallet
| Block thickness, mm | Pallet loading, m³ | Pieces per pallet |
| 50* | 1,218* | 156* |
| 75 | 1,406 | 120 |
| 100 | 1,406 | 90 |
| 125 | 1,406 | 72 |
| 150 | 1,406 | 60 |
| 200 | 1,313 | 42 |
| 240 | 1,350 | 36 |
| 250 | 1,406 | 36 |
| 300 | 1,406 | 30 |
| 375 | 1,406 | 24 |
| 400* | 1,125* | 36* |
* Blocks with a thickness of 50 and 400 mm are shipped together with additional blocks with a thickness of 100, 125, 175 and 150 mm. This is due to the peculiarities of the technological process of cutting solids during the production of blocks on the Ytong line. The main and additional blocks are placed on one pallet. The table shows the loading rate for one pallet in pieces and cubic meters.
Loading a pallet with the main and additional units
| Main unit | Additional block | Main unit quantity | Quantity of additional block | ||
| size, mm | size, mm | things | m³ | things | m³ |
| 50x250x625 | 100x250x625 | 156 | 1,218 | 12 | 0,187 |
| 400x250x625 | 100x250x625 | 18 | 1,125 | 18 | 0,281 |
| 400x250x625 | 125x250x625 + 175x250x625 | 18 | 1,125 | 6+6 | 0,117+0,164 |
| 400x250x625 | 150x250x625 | 18 | 1,125 | 12 | 0,281 |
| 400x250x625 | 200x250x625 + 100x250x625 | 18 | 1,125 | 6+6 | 0,187+0,094 |
| 400x250x625 | 300x250x625 | 18 | 1,125 | 6 | 0,281 |
What home owners say
“I am building a house from Yutong aerated concrete and I do not think that its cost is too high. Firstly, the sizes of the blocks are almost ideal, the laying proceeds quickly and even with pleasure. And the seams are no thicker than 2 mm. Secondly, I was attracted by the fact that everything in the system was thought out: I was able to take window purlins, ceilings, and U-shaped blocks in one place. And only there I found aerated concrete D400 class B2.5. However, the taste and color... I don’t impose my opinion on anyone. But what also gives confidence is that Yutong has been doing this since the 30s of the last century. The price of experience - who can measure it?
Dmitry, Ufa.
“The geometry is perfect, there are no words. The blocks are smooth, clean, neatly packed. And in general, the service is at the highest level, and I purchased the tools from them. Excellent product quality! But the shipping cost is not at all pleasing. And one more small inconvenience for buyers: the plant does not sell products directly. We will have to choose suppliers, and this matter should be taken very seriously.”
Vladimir Bolshakov, Moscow
“My review will be purely positive. We are building a house from Ytong blocks. Why one of them? It took a long time to choose, we heard enough of everything – both good and bad. But we decided to do it anyway, and now we don’t regret it. The products are first class. The appearance and size are beyond competition. But the final decision was still influenced by the company’s longevity in the market.”
Anastasia Zhdanova, Novosibirsk.
“I’m a builder myself, but I’ve never had to work with aerated concrete. So I asked people, read reviews on forums, and settled on Itong. In my opinion, this is the best that is within reach today. I’m happy with everything, but the delivery didn’t work out – I had to organize pick-up.”
Nikolay, Moscow.
“A neighbor was building a house from Yutong aerated concrete and asked me to help. We did everything according to video instructions, since we have little construction experience. They erected it quickly, the building has been standing for two winters without finishing. There are no cracks (most likely due to the fact that the foundation is slab - it protects well from water and from soil displacement), and in general it looks good.”
Roman, Samara.
“Good blocks, but... there is always some “But”. When I bought the 2000 kit, experts recommended that upon completion of construction, the walls should be covered with siding or plastered as quickly as possible (I also found something similar among consumer reviews on the Internet). Blocks absorb moisture and over time may begin to crack and crumble. The official website says that due to the nature of production, Itong gas blocks are slightly hygroscopic, but it’s better to be safe.”
Anatoly Solovyov, Kazan.
Itong aerated concrete price per cubic meter
For elements of load-bearing walls and partitions, the price is set per cubic meter, and for additional elements, the price is per piece. You can find out how many gas blocks of each standard size are included in 1 m3 from the table below.
The markings indicate density, length, height and width. For example, d600 625x250x200 mm is a block with a specific weight of 600 kg/m3 and dimensions of 625, 250 and 200 mm, respectively.
| Brand | Width | Strength | Quantity per 1 m3 | Cost, rubles |
| For walls | ||||
| D400 | 300 | 2,5 | 21 | 4750 |
| 375 | 2,5 | 17 | 4750 | |
| 500 | 2,5 | 13 | 4750 | |
| D500 | 300 | 3,5 | 21 | 4600 |
| 375 | 3,5 | 17 | 4600 | |
| 500 | 3,5 | 13 | 4600 | |
| D600 | 300 | 5 | 21 | 4900 |
| 250 | 3,5 | 26 | 4600 | |
| 250 | 5 | 26 | 4900 | |
| For partitions | ||||
| D500 | 50 | 3,5 | 128 | 4700 |
| 75 | 3,5 | 85 | 4700 | |
| 100 | 3,5 | 64 | 4700 | |
| 150 | 3,5 | 43 | 4700 | |
| D600 | 100 | 5 | 64 | 4900 |
| 150 | 5 | 43 | 4900 | |
| 200 | 2,5 | 32 | 4600 | |
| U-shaped | ||||
| Width | Price per piece, rubles | |||
| 200 | 269 | |||
| 250 | 289 | |||
| 300 | 308 | |||
| 375 | 359 | |||
But Itong’s activities do not end there. The company scrupulously cares about its reputation, for which:
- Distributes a free DVD with a detailed, step-by-step video guide for installing the Ytong house kit and the properties of its elements.
- Once a month he conducts classes for amateur teams specializing in the installation of houses made of aerated concrete, to study the technology and teach the correct techniques for working with elements of the Itong system.
- Publishes on the company website a list of recommended construction crews who have undergone training and proven their qualifications.
There are official distributors of the company in almost every region of the European part of the Russian Federation; from any of them you can get advice, coordinate sizes, and buy the necessary kit.
Yutong Gas Silicate Block Plant
In Russia, the world-famous company Xella produces aerated concrete blocks under the Ytong brand. Yutong aerated concrete blocks (Ytong blocks) are not only wall and partition types of aerated concrete blocks. The company produces Yutong Mozhaisk blocks, and also produces ready-made house kits. Yutong foam concrete blocks are produced by the German company Xella, whose plant is located in Mozhaisk. This company is considered the leader in the Russian Federation in the production of Ytong aerated concrete blocks. The composition of Ytong aerated concrete is environmentally friendly, therefore the manufacturer’s blocks are officially recognized as non-toxic, which is confirmed by quality certificates. Ytong aerated concrete blocks are manufactured using high-quality, automated new generation equipment, thanks to which Yutong aerated concrete blocks are obtained without chips, cracks and with good technical characteristics. The specialists who work at this enterprise monitor each unit individually, which significantly reduces the number of defects. Yutong gas silicate blocks are the material that needs to be worked with correctly. That is why the Xella company (Yutong) very often conducts training and master classes on how to work with gas silicate blocks correctly. Yutong blocks official website is a page on which you can familiarize yourself with the history of the company, view the entire range of products, and also find reviews about the products.
Xella product range (Yutong)
Yutong blocks price per piece have the strength grade:
- Yutong D400;
- Ytong D500 block;
- Ytong D600.
The size of the foam block in the Ytong company comes in different sizes:
- 625x250x200;
- 625x250x75;
- 625x250x375.
The main dimensions of this material were listed above. If you don’t find what you need among them, it doesn’t matter. Call the StroySitiKomplekt company, and experienced managers will help you with this.
The German company Xella produces Yutong foam blocks of different types:
- arc-shaped Ytong blocks;
- Ytong U shaped blocks;
- Yutong wall blocks;
- and others.
Heavy Duty Blocks D500
Dimensions, mm Format Thermal conductivity Strength class Frost resistance Pieces per pallet Volume, m³/pal.625x250x50*flat0.099 W/m°СB3.5F100156+121.406625x250x75flat0.099 W/m°СB3.5F1001201.406625x250x100flat0.099 W/m°СB3.5F100901.40662 5x250x125flat0.099 W/m°СB3.5F100721.406625x250x150flat0, 099 W/m°СB3,5F100601,406625х250х175groove-ridge0,099 W/m°СB3,5F100481,313625х250х200groove-ridge0,099 W/m°СB3,5F100421,313625х250х200flat 0.099 W/m°СB3.5F100421.313625x250x250groove-ridge0, 099 W/m°СB3,5F100361,406625х250х250flat0,099 W/m°СB3,5F100361,406625х250х300groove-ridge0,099 W/m°СB3,5F100301,406625х250х300flat0,09 9 W/m°СB3.5F100301.406625x250x375groove-ridge0.099 W /m°СB3.5F100241.406625х250х375flat0.099 W/m°СB3.5F100241.406625х250х400*flat0.099 W/m°СB3.5F10018*1.125*625x250x500flat0.099 W/m°С B3.5F100181.406*| Blocks with a thickness of 50 and 400 mm are supplied with additional blocks. The 50 mm block is supplied with an additional 100 mm thick block. The 400 mm block is supplied with an additional block of 100 mm, or 150 mm, or 300 mm thickness. | |
| Blocks with a thickness of 125 mm, 175 mm and 400 mm are produced to order with a volume of 200 m³ or more. Order fulfillment time is 2 weeks after prepayment. |
Ytong adhesive mixtures
| Winter mortar YTONG (Economy) for thin joint masonry. Allows masonry work to be carried out at temperatures from +5 to -10 C o Used for both external and internal work in winter. Color grey. Bag 25 kg. |
| YTONG (Economy) adhesive mixture for thin-seam masonry of cellular concrete products. Due to minimal deviations in the geometric dimensions of YTONG blocks, they can be easily laid using a thin-layer adhesive mortar. Along with increasing the speed of masonry work thanks to the thin-layer technology for making seams, reducing the thickness of the seams improves the thermal insulation characteristics of wall masonry. Color grey. Bag 25 kg. |
Advantages of YTONG® U-shaped blocks:
- They perform the function of formwork for the manufacture of reinforced lintels, stiffeners, etc. directly on the construction site.
- They have the same width as YTONG® blocks, which allows them to be used for laying walls without additional work.
- Minimization of “cold bridges” through the use of thermal insulation materials that are laid between the outer wall of the U-lintel and the reinforcement frame.
- Easily and quickly installed using YTONG® adhesive mixture for thin joint masonry.
| Dimensions, mm | Quantity on pallet | ||||
| length | height | width | things | m³ | |
| 500 | 250 | 200 | 45 | 1,13 | |
| 500 | 250 | 250 | 36 | 1,13 | |
| 500 | 250 | 300 | 27 | 1,13 | |
| 500 | 250 | 375 | 24 | 1,13 | |
Application for building materials
Interested in purchasing building materials? Please fill out the application form and our manager will contact you shortly to clarify delivery details.
Product Manufacturer
Buy Yutong gas silicate blocks at a low price
You can buy Ytong foam blocks inexpensively with delivery throughout Moscow and the Moscow region from the Yutong SSK trading house. Yutong aerated concrete blocks will have the lowest price in our company, since the SSK Association directly cooperates with the Yutong plant in Mozhaisk. To order a unit, call the number listed on our website. The company's employees will help you make a choice and calculate the required amount of material. We will organize fast and careful delivery of the Ytong block directly to the site.
Video - ytong aerated concrete blocks
Buy Ytong foam blocks in the sales department
You can purchase foam blocks inexpensively from a direct dealer of the Yutong manufacturer in the SSK trading house.
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Features of application
Due to their high density and steel reinforcement, Ytong aerated concrete blocks are used for both single-story buildings and skyscrapers. When creating a project for a future building, every builder wants the construction process to not cost him too much, but at the same time to meet quality standards. Yutong aerated concrete will be an indispensable find here. After all, it is in no way inferior in performance to brick, but costs several times less. This material lends itself easily to any type of interior and façade finishing.
The construction of Itong aerated concrete blocks does not require a solid foundation. The foundation for the building can be of a simple structure, thereby allowing the owner of the construction site to choose the best option for himself in terms of price.
This building material must be transported and stored in accordance with the rules. You should be careful when loading and unloading so as not to knock the unit during the process. The blocks must be kept in a dry place, since this material does not tolerate high humidity. Following these recommendations guarantees the quality and strength of Yutong aerated concrete for many years.
A little history
The Ytong aerated concrete manufacturing technology (a useful article on the production of aerated concrete as a material) was patented back in 1924 by the Swedish scientist Axel Eriksson.
Ytong blocks began to be produced on an industrial scale in 1929. Thanks to their characteristics, this building material has become very popular in the construction of buildings and structures, especially in places with high seismic hazard or soil convergence. In addition, they are intensively used in multi-story construction to reduce pressure on the ground and prevent the occurrence of associated negative phenomena. The increased popularity of this building material ensured the development of production, improvement of the products themselves, as well as manufacturing technology. Initially, aerated concrete blocks were produced in Germany and Poland. Currently, they are produced by manufacturers from many countries around the world, but the standard for this type of product is still considered to be aerated concrete made in Poland and Germany.
Types of Ytong blocks
The sizes of Itong aerated concrete blocks are varied enough to choose the best option for any house under construction. Let's look at the list of products manufactured by the Mozhaisk branch of the Ksella company.
Smooth and tongue-and-groove
Many manufacturers, in addition to smooth blocks, also offer tongue-and-groove blocks. That is, at one end of the product there are tongues (protruding ribs), and at the other there are recesses for them. Europe has long switched to such blocks. It is believed that tongue-and-groove joints make it possible to eliminate cold bridges along vertical seams. True, most Russian builders do not agree with this at all - at least when it comes to the external walls of the building.
The reason is that the vertical joints between the blocks are left unfilled. Although, there is a plus to this: using blocks with profiled ends saves time and glue. This is an ideal option for laying interior walls and partitions. External walls can be blown by the wind due to empty vertical joints, so it is better to use smooth blocks here.
One way or another, the Ytong aerated concrete block is offered to the consumer in an assortment, and both options are present among them. The size range is presented below; the structure of the side edges does not affect the cost.
d400:
- 625x500x250 mm;
- 625×400×250 mm;
- 625×375×250 mm;
- 625×300×250 mm;
- 625×250×250 mm;
- 625×200×250 mm.
Price 4900 rub/m³.
d500:
- 625×400×250 mm;
- 625×375×250 mm;
- 625x300x250 mm;
- 625×100×250 mm;
- 625x750x100 mm.
Price 5050 rub/m³.
d600:
- 625×200×250 mm;
- 625×250×250 mm;
- 625×300×250 mm.
Price 5200 rub/m³.
Partition blocks are offered in only two density options: d500 and d600. Length and height are also 625*250mm, width options: 50; 75; 100; and 150mm. There are blocks of a larger format, 750 mm high - with the same length they have a width of 75 and 100 mm.
Price – 5000 rub/m³.
Expert opinion Vitaly Kudryashov
builder, aspiring author
Note: Prices are for April 2022.
U-shaped
The external dimensions of such a product are comparable to conventional wall blocks. The only difference is that on one side of the bedded edge there is a deep recess, which gives the block a U-shape. When laid in a row, such blocks form a tray into which the reinforcement is placed and the concrete mixture is poured. When hardened, it forms a monolithic beam that reinforces the edge of the wall masonry, or covers the opening of a door or window.
That is, U-shaped blocks are used as permanent formwork for monolithic belts. Of course, pouring can be done using conventional panel formwork, but such a beam has a higher thermal insulation coefficient, and heat will escape from the premises through it. This means that you will have to think about how to insulate these areas. The use of U-blocks solves the issue both from the point of view of masonry aesthetics and thermal insulation, and also makes it possible to reduce the total weight of the armored belt.
Under the Ytong brand you can purchase several types of tray blocks with a density of 500 kg/m³. Their length is shorter than that of wall ones - only 500 mm, the height is the same - 250 mm. There are five width options: 200; 250; 300; 375 and 400 mm.
Ventilation
To install ventilation ducts in aerated concrete walls, products with one or two through voids are used - the so-called O-blocks. They also have another purpose: during construction in earthquake-prone areas, when it is necessary to perform vertical reinforcement, channels are formed from perforated blocks and filled with a concrete monolith with internal reinforcement.
With a density of D500 and a strength class of B3.5, O-blocks are available in several standard sizes. The length and height are the same as the U-blocks - 500*250 mm. Width varies: 250; 300; 375, hole diameter 160 or 250 mm. The average price is 420 rubles per piece.
Arc-shaped
Projects for aerated concrete houses often contain radius architectural elements: columns, rotundas, bay windows. In order not to waste time and effort on giving the stone the desired shape, the easiest way is to use ready-made arched blocks. With a height and width of 250*100 mm, they have two options for external/internal radius: 900/1000 mm and 500/600 mm. Price 355 rub/piece.
What is thermal conductivity
When discussing the working qualities of a material, we constantly have to use the expression “thermal conductivity of a gas block”. However, not everyone has a clear enough idea of what we are talking about.
If we abandon official scientific formulations, thermal conductivity is the property of materials to transfer temperature from one area to another. For example, if you take a small metal beam and start heating it from one end, sooner or later the opposite part will also heat up. This is a clear demonstration of the behavior of a material with a high thermal conductivity. This experiment can also be done in the opposite direction - if a beam heated throughout its entire volume is lowered into ice at one end, the other end will cool much faster.
However, if we talk about building structures, we need to consider planes, not beams. That is, heat a sheet of metal on one side and see how it behaves from the other side. It is clear that the temperature will rise at almost the same speed. If the thickness of the sheet is increased, the reverse side will heat up more slowly, but this process can be completely stopped if you take a sheet of very large thickness.
However, if you take a gas silicate block instead of metal, the situation will change. No matter how much you heat it on one side, the other will remain cold. At best, the temperature will rise slightly. This is a clear explanation of the term “thermal conductivity”.
Sometimes the terms are confused, mixing the concepts of thermal conductivity and heat capacity of aerated concrete. These are different things:
Heat capacity is the amount of thermal energy required to heat a unit of mass by 1°.
The thermal conductivity of a gas block is the ability to transfer the received energy throughout the entire volume of the object. Comparison of these concepts is incorrect, since they describe different phenomena, although located in the same physical plane.
Physical and technical properties
Thanks to the unique cellular structure and the quality of the raw materials, German autoclaved aerated concrete Ytong has excellent heat and sound insulation, which allows you to maintain a favorable microclimate in the house.
| Physical and technical properties | Unit | YTONG aerated concrete blocks | ||
| Brand by density | D 400 | D500 | D600 | |
| Concrete class | — | B 2.5 | B 3.5 | B5.0 |
| Compressive Strength | MPa | 3.4 | 4.8 | 6.8 |
| Dry thermal conductivity coefficient. condition | W/ms | 0.088 | 0.099 | 0.112 |
| Frost resistance | cycle | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Fire resistance | hour | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Vapor permeability | mg/m hPa | 0.24 | 0.21 | 0.17 |
| Shrinkage deformation during drying | Mmm | 0.45 | 0.40 | 0.35 |
| Dry thermal conductivity coefficient | W/ms | 0.088 | 0.099 | 0.112 |
| Deviation of geometric dimensions | ||||
| - by lenght | mm | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.7 |
| - by thickness | mm | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
| — in height | mm | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.3 |
Energy efficient units D400
Dimensions, mm Format Thermal conductivity Strength class Frost resistance Pieces per pallet Volume, m³/pal.625x250x200flat0.088 W/m°СB2.5F100421.313625x250x250flat0.088 W/m°СB2.5F100361.406625x250x250groove-ridge0.088 W/m°СB2.5F100361.40662 5x250x300groove-ridge0.088 W/m°СB2.5F100301.406625x250x300flat0, 088 W/m°СB2,5F100301,406625х250х375groove-ridge0,088 W/m°СB2,5F100241,406625х250х375flat0,088 W/m°СB2,5F100241,406625х250х500flat0,08 8 W/m°СB2.5F100181.406Fire resistance
The physical properties and exceptional fire resistance of YTONG® material make it an ideal solution for protecting your home from fire. German autoclaved aerated concrete blocks YTONG® can be used for all fire resistance classes. Their use is especially appropriate in the construction of fire walls and complex dividing walls. Made from natural ingredients, i.e. There is no danger of toxic fumes that occur when synthetic insulating materials burn. Studies have shown that when the temperature rises to +400°C, the strength of cellular concrete increases by 85%. The time of exposure to fire without loss of properties by the block is 4 hours.
YTONG® aerated concrete:
- is a non-flammable and fire-resistant material;
- is a thermal insulating material;
- made from natural ingredients, which guarantees the absence of toxic fumes that occur when synthetic insulating materials burn;
- not sensitive to temperature. The structure of the material does not change and the material does not deform, which prevents the spread of fire or smoke in the building.
Properties
Strength and durability of the material
The weight of aerated concrete blocks is relatively small. There is only half a ton of material per square meter. But this does not prevent it from being durable and serving for many years. Manufacturers guarantee impeccable service of aerated concrete for 80 years. But builders claim that an aerated concrete house will last much longer.
High-quality thermal insulation
The blocks have excellent thermal insulation properties.
Due to its porous structure, aerated concrete has excellent thermal insulation characteristics. This material retains heat in the house for a long time, allowing owners to save on heating the mansion.
The smaller the volumetric mass of the block, the better it saves thermal energy inside the building. When the weight of a material is reduced, its density suffers. As a result, it becomes more fragile. Thin-seam masonry of aerated concrete blocks is used in the construction of houses. This can be achieved thanks to the correct geometric shape, as well as the smooth surface of the material.
Aerated concrete walls are similar in performance to monolithic walls. The gap between the blocks is only a couple of millimeters. This will protect the building from the formation of cold bridges and loss of heat energy. It only takes a couple of hours to heat an aerated concrete house. It takes much longer to warm up brick structures.
Fire resistance
Aerated concrete blocks contain minerals of natural origin that do not burn. Therefore, the finished product is fireproof, capable of withstanding a seven-hour fire test, and can protect metal structures from fire.
Economical
One block equals 15-20 bricks.
The thin joint technique, compared to conventional masonry, significantly reduces the consumption of mortar used. Due to this, the amount of work is reduced and time is saved. One block of aerated concrete is equal to 15-20 bricks. Accordingly, the number of manipulations when laying a wall is reduced by the same amount.
Aerated concrete monoliths, despite their impressive volumes, are very light. Therefore, they do not require additional lifting equipment, thereby saving time and money. An aerated concrete building is built four times faster than a brick one, and at the same time you will save not only time, but also money.
Comfortable living in houses made of this material
The components of aerated concrete are only natural substances of natural origin. They are absolutely harmless and do not pollute the environment. Therefore, the finished product is considered an environmentally friendly building material that is not dangerous to people. Thanks to the porous structure, walls made of Ytong aerated concrete easily allow air to pass through, “breathe”, and evaporate excess moisture outward, as a result of which fungi and mold never grow on them.
Due to its “breathing” property, aerated concrete is compared to wood. But unlike the latter, it is stronger and more durable, withstands bad weather and temperature changes, while maintaining its shape and properties. There is never stagnant air in aerated concrete buildings. Breathing in them is always easy and comfortable.
Frost resistance
Aerated concrete blocks can withstand frost. Pores in monoliths absorb water and ice during freezing, while maintaining the shape and strength of the material. If construction is carried out correctly, while complying with all standards, a finished aerated concrete building can withstand and withstand more than a hundred freezing cycles.
Soundproofing properties
The porous structure of Ytong aerated concrete blocks not only retains heat in the house, but also provides the building with high sound insulation, prevailing in this regard ten times over a brick building. And finishing the walls with dense materials will increase the soundproofing properties of aerated concrete.
Yutong gas blocks
A modern, practical, durable and warm material - Ytong gas blocks remain the undoubted leader among energy-efficient building materials for low-rise housing construction. Due to their high strength (walls up to three floors high can be erected, which is quite enough for a modern cottage) and thermal insulation properties, Yutong aerated blocks are used in low-rise construction and as insulating layers of load-bearing walls in the construction of multi-storey buildings made of panels and bricks.
Yutong gas blocks are produced in Mozhaisk near Moscow, and they can be purchased through an extensive network of dealers (golden dealer of the plant).
Unlike foam concrete, which competes with aerated concrete, Yutong aerated concrete blocks cannot be considered as just a high-quality branded product. The YTONG® brand is a whole system that includes not only wall blocks, but also reinforced lintels, special tools and adhesive solution for laying blocks, as well as extensive marketing, a logistics system and a unique Yutong school of craftsmanship, created by the Xella Baustoffe GmbH production group for training and advanced training of builders.
The quality of YTONG aerated concrete is determined by the unique recipe of the mixture, strict adherence to production technology, as well as the processing of aerated concrete in autoclaves with hardening of the concrete mass under a pressure of 12 atmospheres and at a temperature of 190 degrees Celsius.
Autoclaving gives aerated concrete high strength, homogeneity of a fine-porous macrostructure, and as a result - uniformity of operational properties by volume, manufacturability and extremely low shrinkage, which allows Yutong aerated blocks to be sold to the consumer with an accuracy of maintaining linear dimensions of less than 1 mm.
Foam concrete cannot boast of such a structure, because during its production the concrete mass hardens in the open air under natural conditions. It is the high precision with which Yutong gas blocks are produced that allows them to be laid on an adhesive solution, unlike other blocks made of cellular concrete, including foam concrete (the exception is gas blocks using Hebel technology (LZID) with geometric stability comparable to YTONG). But laying blocks on an adhesive mortar allows significant savings not only during construction, but also increases the heat-insulating properties of the building walls due to the absence of cold bridges - cement mortar joints.
Using an adhesive mortar at the construction stage makes it possible to save a lot on masonry mortar. And thanks to the high heat-shielding properties of Yutong aerated blocks - also on the building material itself (see the article “Aerated concrete blocks, price and quality”).
In addition, thanks to the high precision of geometric parameters with which Yutong gas blocks are produced, walls made of this material are perfectly smooth, which means that finishing does not require such an expensive process as plaster. Such walls can be immediately puttied, which saves a lot of money and time.
A lot of attention is now paid to the environment. In this regard, Yutong aerated blocks are an ideal building material - they contain only natural and harmless components to humans - quartz sand, lime, cement, aluminum powder, etc. The quality and purity of the source material is carefully monitored by the owners of the brand, the Xella concern, because not only the strength and other physical characteristics depend on this, but also how safe Yutong gas blocks will be. The production Xella Baustoffe GmbH itself has European Certificates of European Technical Approval (ETA), environmental certificates of the Green Building Certification Institute (GBCI), participates in the green certification system LEED (Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design) and is a member of the international association Green Building Initiative.
Note! LLC "HEBEL-BLOK" is:
- leading dealer of Lipetsk (Lipetsk, Hebel gas silicate);
- leading distributor (Mozhaisk, YTONG aerated concrete);
- dealer (Maloyaroslavets, Bonolit gas silicate).
Also, the following information may be useful to you:
- find out prices for autoclaved cellular concrete in the quick price list;
- get detailed information about building a house from autoclaved aerated concrete from the article “phased construction of a house from aerated concrete” and from a series of articles here, as well as from the video here
The situation is completely different with foam concrete. A huge number of small producers do not care at all about the consumer. As a result, the consumer receives building materials with characteristics that do not correspond to the declared ones (see the article “Foam concrete wall blocks”).
The YTONG® brand is an example of customer service, mutual trust and friendly attitude. By purchasing a wholesale batch of Yutong brand products from official representatives of the company, you can apply for a visit from a master demonstrator who will tell and show how Yutong aerated blocks are laid, help to start construction - lay down the key points of the first row of load-bearing walls of the future house, as well as professionally and fully will answer your questions informatively.
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Ytong blocks: pros and cons
So, the main advantages of aerated concrete blocks include:
- high accuracy in geometry and dimensions;
- strength and durability;
- excellent thermal insulation;
- lightness, allowing them to be easily transported over long distances and installed;
- high vapor permeability, which ensures an optimal level of humidity in the room;
- not subject to aging, rotting;
- ease of processing. Therefore, they are an excellent material for restoration work;
- high level of fire safety;
- versatility of application. They can also be used for furnishing, walls and laying the foundation, as well as for the manufacture of other structural elements of the building.
The disadvantages of these products include their fragility and high water absorption, which is an obstacle to high-quality finishing work.
Advantages and disadvantages of aerated concrete
The advantages of the material include:
- light weight;
- high heat-saving ability;
- the ability to speed up construction by reducing the volume of excavation work and increasing productivity during installation;
- the ability of the material to muffle external sounds.
At the same time, aerated concrete blocks have some disadvantages:
- low strength and load-bearing capacity;
- high hygroscopicity;
- restrictions on the height (number of floors) of buildings;
- the need to install protective cladding with a ventilation gap.
The main number of complaints about aerated concrete relates to its hygroscopicity. Considering the peculiarities of the Russian climate, the presence of moisture in the walls is unacceptable. This is not a problem if the construction and exterior finishing were carried out by experienced, knowledgeable people. However, it often happens that construction is carried out by untrained people. They use inappropriate finishing materials, trap moisture inside the walls and create an unbearable microclimate in the room. In this case, the low thermal conductivity coefficient of aerated concrete blocks is completely leveled - the mass of material is filled with moisture, which increases the ability to transfer heat. Instead of conservation, the outer walls begin to actively distribute thermal energy into the environment. It is necessary to provide a ventilation gap on the outer surface of the gas blocks, allowing them to release moisture into the surrounding atmosphere.
Manufacturing technology
The production of YTONG aerated concrete on an industrial scale began in 1929. At first, the production of YTONG aerated concrete blocks was carried out only in Poland and Germany. Today they are produced in many countries around the world. To make aerated concrete, the following materials are used:
YTONG aerated concrete production
- cement;
- water;
- sand;
- lime;
- calcium hydroxide;
- aluminum paste.
The creation of many pores in the finished product occurs by adding aluminum paste to the solution. This substance reacts with calcium anhydrite and forms a large number of small bubbles.
Thanks to these pores, the finished products are lightweight compared to similar building materials. The presence of small voids in cellular concrete makes it possible to achieve low thermal conductivity of walls. A building constructed from such material will maintain an internal microclimate, regardless of the ambient temperature. This allows you to reduce heating costs during operation.
Dimensions, technical specifications, production
To make aerated concrete, lime, sand, water, a small amount of cement and anhydrite are used. Aluminum paste is used as a foam-forming substance, which, when reacting with calcium hydroxide, ensures the formation of many small pores in the concrete body.
In order to achieve high quality of the final product - an aerated concrete block, it is necessary to organize the technological process well, be meticulous in the selection of raw materials, and use equipment that allows the production of a completely homogeneous mass. Only this approach provides the finished product with high, stable performance characteristics. The most important of which are strength and a high level of thermal insulation provided by millions of very small bubbles.
Ytong aerated concrete blocks have high vapor permeability. Walls made from this building material provide an optimal level of humidity, while moisture does not accumulate inside the wall. In addition, they have very slow heat transfer. Accordingly, a house made of such material is cool in summer and warm in winter. Single-layer and double-layer walls made using this technology are guaranteed to provide an optimal indoor microclimate.
Ytong blocks are an ideal building material for the manufacture of single-layer walls in private construction. The production technology allows us to produce these products in different sizes. Therefore, they can be used not only for building walls.
The market offers different Ytong blocks, the warmest and most modern of which are YTONG ENERGO. They are made from lightweight porous material. They successfully combine the following characteristics:
- ease;
- strength;
- thermal insulation.
They allow you to build walls that do not require additional insulation.
Aerated concrete is a truly environmentally friendly material. It can be used on objects of various purposes and structures of varying complexity.
We recommend useful material that discusses the nuances of producing gas silicate and blocks from it.
Material characteristics
Comparison of fire resistance of concrete walls and structures made of Itong wall blocks
YTONG aerated concrete blocks are fire-resistant material. The material does not lose its properties within 4 hours of being in a fiery environment, the temperature of which is 400
O
WITH.
The frost resistance of the products is at the highest level. As a result, the reliability of aerated concrete structures used at low ambient temperatures is guaranteed.
The material has a thermal insulating effect. This is achieved due to the fact that there is air in the pores of aerated concrete, which, in turn, does not conduct heat well. A building made from such products remains cool on summer days and warm at sub-zero ambient temperatures.
Advantages of this building material
Aerated concrete has a number of advantages over other building materials:
- small price. Aerated concrete blocks are considered one of the most inexpensive building materials. By choosing aerated concrete blocks for construction, you will be able to save your budget;
- excellent thermal insulation. Aerated concrete walls perfectly retain internal heat in winter and coolness in summer;
- ease of use. This material is easy to handle without making a single mistake. It can be easily cut, sanded, mounted;
- vapor permeability. The porosity of the material makes it easy to release steam outside during heating, removing excess moisture from the house;
- does not emit any chemicals or harmful substances, is environmentally friendly for the environment and people living in such a house;
- does not require insulation of building facades;
Ytong aerated concrete monoliths have proven themselves to be an excellent option for construction in terms of price and quality ratio. The technical characteristics of aerated concrete blocks largely prevail over other building mixtures. Thanks to these and other factors, this material is in wide demand among builders.
Sizes and types of products
The manufacturer has provided various sizes of YTONG aerated concrete blocks. The size of a YTONG aerated concrete product must be selected based on its area of application. They can be the size of an ordinary brick or in the form of panels with large dimensions.
Range of YTONG blocks
Wall blocks
Used for the construction of external walls and internal partitions. Panels intended for the construction of partitions have a ribbed surface. This is necessary for better adhesion to the plaster applied later.
Yutong wall blocks
U-panels and lintels
U-panels are used to install reinforced beams. Lintels are needed for the construction of door, window openings and partitions. The height of the lintels for openings is 25 centimeters, for piers – 12.5 centimeters.
YTONG U-shaped blocks
Ytong blocks - sizes and types
Due to their ease of processing, aerated concrete blocks can be of very different sizes. Starting from the size of standard sand-lime bricks and ending with large panels.
Depending on the surface, Ytong aerated concrete blocks can be smooth or tongue-and-groove.
Products with a smooth surface are more suitable for cladding a load-bearing structure, as well as constructing an external wall. Tongue-and-groove aerated concrete blocks are intended for arranging interior walls. Thanks to their special surface, they are easy to plaster.
In addition, there are Ytong wall blocks designed for arranging the foundation and installing other house structures.
