Hydrophobizing impregnations and additives for concrete - what are they for and what to choose?

Concrete, which has increased strength, is widely used in the construction industry. The material can withstand significant loads, but is susceptible to moisture. The cellular structure of the concrete mass promotes the penetration of moisture through the pores, which causes gradual destruction of concrete structures, reducing their reliability and service life. A special impregnation for concrete against water allows you to increase the moisture resistance of the material. Let us dwell in detail on the properties, types and technology of applying hydrophobic additives.

What is hydrophobic concrete

Moisture-resistant concrete is a special type of building material with sealed pores and capillary channels. The absence of cavities that allow moisture to penetrate deep into the mass increases the moisture resistance of concrete. In the vocabulary of professional builders, a material treated with special impregnations (hydrophobizers) is called hydrophobic.

Concrete (even non-porous structure) always has a small number of microscopic pores and cracks

It is characterized by:

• increased specific gravity;
• increased resistance to surface moisture;
• resistance to penetration of groundwater and precipitation deep into the massif.

According to the requirements of the state standard, various types of concrete are divided into classes based on their ability to resist moisture penetration. The regulatory document provides for the classification of concrete by an alphanumeric index, including the capital Latin letter W and an even number from two to twenty. The digital indicator characterizes the pressure of the water column that the concrete mass is capable of absorbing.

What does hydrophobic concrete look like?

As the digital value increases, the hydrophobic properties increase, which affects the cost of the material. The water resistance of concrete determines the area of ​​use of the material:

• In private housing construction, building materials marked W4, W6 are used. The most popular concrete is marked W6. It is used when constructing houses, baths, saunas and swimming pools;
• material with moisture resistance level W8 has high water permeability, but requires additional waterproofing protection. It is widely used in concreting foundations;
• the close location of aquifers requires the use of compositions with an increased level of moisture resistance W10–W12. They are also used for facade plastering of building walls;
• Concrete solutions of grades W14–W20 are the most expensive. They are characterized by increased water resistance and are used for the construction of hydraulic engineering facilities.

The customer’s financial capabilities do not always allow them to purchase expensive concrete with increased moisture resistance. Using a water repellent for concrete, it is easy to increase the performance properties of a material whose outer layer is waterproof. Anyone can make waterproof concrete with their own hands.

How to extend the life of your home

We also need to talk about the most important function of liquid water repellents. There are times when builders make mistakes and install poor waterproofing between the foundation and the wall of the house, or it becomes unusable after many years.

Capillary moisture penetrates the wall of the house, fungus appears on the walls in the apartment and there is no escape from it.

To solve this problem, builders came up with the following - holes are drilled in the foundation of the house below the level of the old waterproofing at an angle of 45 every 20 cm.

The hole is not brought to the edge of the foundation by about 5 cm. A water repellent is injected into the drilled holes, which penetrates into the concrete cavity along the circumference to a distance of 15-20 cm. It hardens in the concrete and forms a new waterproofing layer.

The water repellent for injection is used under the name PenePurFoam 65.

How and why water-repellent additives are introduced into concrete

Hydrophobic additives increase the moisture-repellent properties of the concrete mass. They are introduced into the concrete composition using various methods:

• are added at the solution preparation stage. As a result of the interaction of modifiers with the remaining components of the mixture and their uniform distribution in the solution, concrete acquires the required level of moisture resistance;
• applied to a hardened concrete surface. Strengthening impregnation for concrete penetrates through capillaries into the mass, increasing its density. The material acquires increased resistance to moisture, as well as improved waterproofing properties.

Water-repellent impregnation for concrete can significantly increase its protection from water.
Hydrophobizing additives for concrete GKZh and other brands of modifiers are designed to solve the following problems:

• increasing the moisture resistance of the concrete mass;
• increasing strength characteristics;
• improving thermal insulation properties.

Changing the performance properties of concrete is achieved through strengthening and waterproofing with impregnating compounds.

Features of use

Hydrophobic coatings intended for concrete are applied in two ways:

1. Added to the solution during its preparation. The composition is distributed evenly and binds with other elements. The output is moisture-resistant and durable hydrophobic concrete.
2. The surface of ready-made concrete structures is covered with a roller or brush. It is absorbed into concrete, passing through the capillaries of living stone. Forms a durable moisture-proof film. It is used before gesso walls, wallpapering, or before applying any other decorative coating.

Before applying to the base, it is necessary to remove dust and grease from the concrete wall and dry thoroughly. Then the hydrophobic impregnation is applied with a roller or brush. After applying the first layer, you need to let the wall dry. It is allowed to begin applying decorative materials to the surface of the structure only the next day.

Be sure to use personal protective equipment.

Water-repellent impregnation for concrete – advantages of use

Impregnation for concrete, intended for surface treatment, has a set of serious advantages:

• gives concrete water-repellent properties;
• prevents corrosion destruction of reinforcement;
• allows you to save on primers and coatings;
• prevents the release of salts to the surface and the formation of stains;
• increases the resistance of concrete to negative temperatures;
• prevents surface contamination and does not allow drawing;
• improves the thermal insulation characteristics of the concrete mass;
• does not collapse under the influence of temperature fluctuations and intense precipitation;
• helps to increase strength properties;
• complicates the development of microorganisms, preventing the development of fungus and mold;
• increases the service life of treated reinforced concrete structures;
• does not lose its protective properties when exposed to ultraviolet rays;
• maintains vapor and air permeability.

Hydrophobic additives for concrete are mixed with other ingredients at the stage of preparing the concrete mixture and are included in the structure, ensuring water resistance.
Increased performance characteristics and features of the use of the impregnating composition make it indispensable for achieving the required properties of concrete. Professional builders claim that concrete impregnation is a reliable and proven product. Due to the undeniable advantages and ease of processing concrete, impregnation is popular among novice craftsmen and professionals.

What is it needed for

Water from a friend at the initial stage turns into an enemy already at the mature stage, when the concrete has reached its design strength, that is, after 28 days. It seeps through the pores and microcracks of the concrete surface and can penetrate through the protective layer to the reinforcement.

But the biggest danger comes when sub-zero temperatures set in. It is then that water that has penetrated the body of concrete becomes a very big evil. Water freezes and turns into ice at a temperature of 0 and this process is accompanied by expansion.

The coefficient of thermal expansion of a water-ice system can reach up to 1.13. That is, the volume increases by 13%. The tensile loads that arise in this case are the evil that cripples concrete. This process does not manifest itself overnight; it is extended over time and takes several decades.

Over the years, the surface layer is destroyed, the reinforcement is exposed, rusty stains form on the structure, but most importantly, the concrete is subject to corrosion and destruction. Such processes occur with all concrete structures; it is especially difficult for those structures that are in water, such as hydraulic engineering, road, and irrigation.

Hydrophobic compositions for concrete - types of impregnations

Hydrophobizing additives offered in specialized stores are divided into two groups. Their representatives:

• hydrophobic composition for water-based concrete. The water-based additive has its positive aspects. It ensures the presentation of concrete, is resistant to moisture, ultraviolet rays, and allows the mass to pass steam;
• hydrophobic impregnation for concrete based on silicone. It is in demand by professional builders due to its unique characteristics. The silicone included in the composition helps ensure the strength characteristics of the coating, reliably prevents the penetration of moisture, and does not create obstacles to air exchange.

The principle of their protective effect is based on the formation of a crystalline structure that prevents the penetration of moisture.
Regardless of what surface protection of concrete from moisture is used, the methods of its use remain the same - the additive is applied to the surface of the concrete. Each type of hydrophobic additive has a different area of ​​use. When purchasing a water repellent, read the manufacturer's recommendations. The scope of application and the average cost of impregnating mastic are interrelated.

Briefly about the main thing

1. The effect of waterproofing impregnations and additives does not provide a concrete picture of immediate benefits, but we must understand that in the long term the effect of their use is very significant. This includes protecting concrete stone from water ingress, increasing strength and frost resistance, a dirt-repellent effect for paving slabs, and resistance to ultraviolet rays.
2. A hydrophobic additive made from organosilicon compounds saved concrete work during the construction of the tallest twin towers in Malaysia. The strength of concrete increased by 30%. Silicon oxide from disassembled computers was added.
3. Organosilicon impregnations in their consistency are not inferior in penetration to water, which allows them to reach significant depths in the cavity of concrete surfaces. The water-repellent effect prevents water from penetrating into the concrete body without pressure.
4. During the experiment, the minimum size of the channel into which a water repellent, such as Tiprom K, did not penetrate, was 0.5 microns. This allows the walls of houses to maintain vapor permeability and air permeability at the same level. For information, the thickness of a human hair is 50 microns.
5. The water repellent penetrates into the concrete surface to a depth of 35 mm and forms a reliable film that lasts for many years, because does not come under solar radiation.
6. When choosing a water repellent, select according to the type and properties suitable for each specific case.
7. When diluting concentrated formulations, protect your eyes.

How concrete additives work to make waterproof

Regardless of the brand of impregnating compositions, water-repellent impregnation for concrete acts after application to the concrete surface as follows:

• the additive is absorbed into the concrete mass through capillary channels;
• formation of a crystal lattice occurs at the molecular level;
• a lattice structure is formed that does not impede the free passage of air.

It penetrates into the material to a certain depth and creates a barrier to the penetration of water.
The concrete mass after treatment retains the ability to transmit steam. When assessing the effect of using the supplement, the following points must be taken into account:

• compliance with the manufacturer's recommendations;
• quality of concrete surface preparation;
• climatic conditions under which processing is carried out.

An increase in the level of moisture resistance is ensured subject to compliance with the processing technology and instructions of the manufacturer.

What is the supplement for?

When a solution of copolymers penetrates the concrete structure, the material is compacted, hydro- and thermal insulation of the room is created, the service life is increased, and it becomes possible to reduce heating costs.

With the help of additives, the moisture-repellent qualities of concrete are increased, which are needed:

• to increase the moisture resistance of concrete;
• to increase strength;
• to improve thermal insulation qualities.

Sometimes they are introduced during the concrete preparation process. With the interaction of modifiers and other components, evenly distributed in the solution, the resulting mass reaches the desired level of moisture resistance.

In some cases, additives are applied to a surface that has already hardened. Penetrating into the array, the hardening agent increases the material’s resistance to moisture and improves its waterproofing qualities.

Choosing a good water repellent for concrete - which one is better to use

Having decided to prepare moisture-resistant concrete with your own hands, decide on the brand of concrete impregnation. Construction supermarkets offer an expanded range of impregnating compounds. Let's look at the most popular water repellents.

Hydrophobic additive for concrete "Aquasil"

The use of water repellent brand "Aquasil" allows you to:

• significantly reduce the water absorption coefficient of various types of concrete;
• increase the strength characteristics of the processed material by 1.3 times;
• increase the service life of building structures.

The use of the additive allows you to save on re-processing the concrete mass, since after the first treatment the next impregnation of the concrete is carried out after 10 years.

Wide range of impregnations available

Features of the water repellent:

• reduced alkali concentration;
• resistance to elevated temperatures;
• explosion safety of the composition.

The drug is supplied in concentrated form and requires dilution with water, the volume of which is 10 times the amount of the additive. Depending on the concentration of air pores in the concrete mass, up to 0.5 kg of water repellent will be required to treat one square area.

Hydrophobization of concrete using Tiprom

Tiprom, according to reviews from builders, has proven itself to be a reliable additive with a long period of action. The treated surface of the concrete mass retains moisture-repellent properties for ten years.

Water repellents of the Tiprom trademark are divided into types depending on the depth of penetration into the concrete mass:

• an increased degree of moisture protection is provided by products with the index U and U1 in the marking;
• the average level of moisture resistance is supported by additives with the additional designations K and K Lux;
• reduced hydrophobicity is achieved by using the Tiprom water repellent with the letter D in the marking.

The depth of absorption into the concrete mass for various products ranges from 1 to 3.5 cm.

Water-repellent impregnation of concrete structures can significantly increase its durability

Impregnation for concrete "Penta"

Water repellents of the Penta brand are distinguished by an expanded range of use. They can be applied to all types of surfaces:

• dry concrete base;
• wet massif.

The additive is an ideal product for coating basement walls and concrete structures operating in conditions of high humidity, as well as for volumetric impregnation. The duration of the protective effect after treatment is one decade. The consumption of the drug per square surface does not exceed 0.3 liters.

Types of water repellents

There are compositions made on silicone or water based. When purchasing a hydrophobization product, you should take into account its components, since different types of solutions are intended to solve each problem at the construction stage.

According to experts, silicone-based products have become popular due to the creation of a durable moisture-proof coating and free air exchange.

Water-based mixtures have advantages:

• the appearance of the processed material improves;
• increased resistance to ultraviolet rays and precipitation;
• do not affect vapor permeability.

According to the structure of the means there are:

• organic (based on polyurethane, acrylic, epoxy resins), they give the product increased moisture resistance and strength;
• inorganic (based on silicates), strengthening the structure is based on a chemical reaction between the compositions: silicate and molecular.

Silicate mixtures do not form a protective film on the surface, which must be renewed periodically. Treatment with this composition is carried out only 1 time during the entire operational period.

Silicate products must be applied to a damp surface for the chemical reaction to begin. Organic ones are applied to a pre-dried base.

Aggregate states of funds:

• stains;
• paint and varnish;
• impregnation.

Taking into account the type of solvent, water repellents are divided into the following types:

• water-soluble (before external treatment it is necessary to dilute them with water to penetrate into the pores and capillaries), should be applied to a dry surface;
• oil-soluble (gasoline, xylene, white spirit, ethyl alcohol, etc. are used as a diluent).

Regardless of the type chosen, apply a layer of protective agent to the concrete surface. When purchasing a solution, you must take into account the recommendations given by the manufacturer.

According to some manufacturers, the duration of action of the solution reaches 30 years. When using deep penetration impregnations, their properties can be maintained until the end of the building’s service life.

How to choose the right water repellent for concrete

When deciding on the brand of supplement, consider the following points:

• purpose of water repellent;
• manufacturer's image;
• application features;
• manufacturer's recommendations;
• additive cost.

Professionals advise using silicate-based water repellents, which create a durable film on the concrete surface.

Impregnation components are not washed out of the base material for many years

Criterias of choice

When selecting the composition, the following points are taken into account:

• Technical characteristics of water repellent.
• Features of the treated surface.
• Brand image.
• Manufacturer's recommendations.
• Cost of the drug.

Experts advise using silicone-based impregnation. When used, a durable film will be created that will not allow water to penetrate inside, but will allow air to pass through. It should be remembered that in this case it will no longer be possible to paint the surface. But this could be an additional advantage, since vandals will not be able to leave their autographs in the form of graffiti on the walls.

Impregnation of concrete with liquid glass - a modern method of protection

Liquid glass, which is a type of popular silicate glue, has hydrophobic properties. Affordable price allows you to use liquid glass for various purposes:

• increasing the moisture resistance of foundations;
• increasing the heat resistance of stoves and fireplaces;
• ensuring waterproofness of concrete structures.

The amount of silicate glue in the concrete mixture is 1/10 of the total volume. After dilution with water, it is thoroughly mixed with the dry ingredients. The resulting concrete mixture has increased hydrophobicity.

Water repellents for bricks: combating porosity

Brickwork is a clear indicator of the influence of environmental conditions on the destruction of building surfaces and structures. No matter how the density properties of brick are enhanced, it still remains a rather porous material that requires special processing. Hydrophobic impregnation for brick can help protect this material from moisture and dirt, premature destruction, and cracks.

Brick is a fairly porous material, so it needs hydrophobization

Efflorescence most often forms on brick facades, spoiling the appearance. To eliminate them, special control agents are applied, which temporarily eliminate the problem. However, to consolidate the cleaning effect and prevent the reappearance of efflorescence, it is recommended to treat the brick with a water repellent. Only he is able to cope with such a task.

There is a wide selection of water repellents for bricks on sale. Which one is better to choose: universal for all surfaces or used only for this material? If there is a need to treat exclusively brickwork, then you should take a closer look at specialized impregnation agents. They are differentiated by concentration, level of protection and take into account the type of cladding. The price of water repellents for bricks will depend on these factors.

When treating brick surfaces to give them water-repellent and other protective properties, the visual characteristics of facades can be simultaneously somewhat improved. For this purpose, water repellents with a “wet stone” effect are used. Tiprom M is one of these products that can give brickwork a slight gloss and highlight the color of the brick base.

Helpful advice! Before applying a water repellent with a “wet stone” effect to a brick surface, test the product on a sample and wait 3-5 days until the protective layer is completely formed.

For bricks, you can use water repellents with a “wet stone” effect.

Water repellents for paving slabs: protection against water and pollution

The basis for the production of paving slabs is concrete. It is this that determines the basic properties of this facing material, that is, porosity. The danger is that water seeps into the paving slabs through numerous pores. It causes the greatest harm to this material in winter, when, freezing, it increases in volume and contributes to the formation of cracks of various sizes, up to the complete splitting of the tile. If ice forms on the surface of the material, then if it is not carefully chipped away, the coating will often become deformed.

Related article:

Penetrating waterproofing for concrete: the optimal way to protect against moisture

Operating principle. Advantages and disadvantages. Review of popular brands. Types of penetrating compounds and features of their application.

The advantage of paving slabs is that, if necessary, you can replace damaged material with new one. However, to avoid frequent repairs, it is more advisable to use a water repellent for paving. The special product has protective properties that protect against the effects of water, frost, sunlight, salts, and fungi. After treatment, dirt and ice are easily washed off from the sidewalk, and the appearance of the material is completely preserved.

Important! Water repellents will not be able to protect paving slabs if they are constantly under water.

In order for paving slabs to serve for a long time and not need frequent repairs, it is recommended to treat them with water repellents

Not every product on the market is suitable for processing this material. In most cases, the instructions for universal concrete products indicate their ineffectiveness for horizontal surfaces. Therefore, it is worth selecting special liquids for paving slabs, for example, water repellent GKZh 11, which actively fights moisture and efflorescence. If the product is sold in concentrated form, it must be diluted with water in accordance with the instructions, otherwise unaesthetic stains will form on the surface.

Types of hydrophobization

All water repellents differ not only in their specialization (recommended for brick, wood or other materials), but also in composition and service life. Thus, the simplest siloxanes and siliconates provide protection from getting wet for a period of 3 to 8 years, and modern silanes and silane-siloxanes can withstand moisture for at least 10-20 years.

Depending on the method of application, hydrophobization can be volumetric or superficial. These practices differ in their technology: in the first case, the composition is introduced into the mixing water during the production of cement-sand products, while in surface treatment, chemicals are applied externally.

DIY hydrophobic coating - instructions!

Water is the source of vitality, but excess moisture can be extremely destructive, especially when it comes to building materials and structures. Therefore, very often when constructing structures, it is necessary to additionally impart moisture-proof properties to the structure in order to increase strength and durability and reduce possible monetary costs for repairs and elimination of other problems.

DIY hydrophobic coating

Concrete and brick are the main building materials. Having a porous structure, they are able to swell due to the absorption of water by capillaries and pores of the material, which is explained by their high water absorption (85-87%). Moisture can rise upward from its source to a height of up to two meters along a concrete or brick base. Penetrating inside, water disrupts the salt composition of the material. And with constant moistening of the structure and its drying, white efflorescence forms on the walls, which significantly affects the strength and spoils the appearance.

Concrete and brick are the main building materials

In addition, at low temperatures, water located inside the pores of materials can increase in volume by up to 8-9%, thereby creating additional pressure inside the walls of the structure. This leads to the creation of internal microcracks, and subsequently to the destruction of the cladding and the formation of cracks on the outside of the building, and hence to a deterioration in the thermal insulation properties.

Wet wall in the house

None of the natural materials is able to withstand this, therefore, to give the materials moisture-proof properties, various water repellents are used. Concrete, brick and any natural stone should be subjected to this treatment, as they can absorb up to 85% of water from their surface.

Hydrophobization

What are water repellents?

There are two types of water-repellent compounds:

• powders that are added to concrete and brick at the stage of their manufacture;
• liquid impregnations that are used to treat the surfaces of already constructed buildings.

The hydrophobic coating is a complex organosilicon polymer compound, less commonly organic resins or metal alkyl siliconates, and does not form a film on the wall surface.

Water repellent h3O Stop concentrate Neomid 5 l

The composition, penetrating several millimeters deep into the material, evaporates from its surface and does not change the appearance of the wall, leaving a protective layer. Treating the walls of buildings with such impregnations increases the ability to retain heat and durability, and provides protection from the negative effects of the environment. At the same time, water absorption is reduced by 12-19 times, which significantly reduces the likelihood of the development of fungi and mold.

Water repellent Monolith Hydro

It is important to pay attention to the fact that water repellents do not heal cracks, so in rare cases treatment with water-repellent impregnations is not practical.

The consumption of water repellent on concrete and brick walls is 250-500 ml per 1 sq.m. The moisture-proof impregnation needs to be renewed every 8-10 years.

Methods for applying hydrophobic impregnation

Before using a water repellent, the surface should be thoroughly dried (rare compounds are applied to a damp surface) and cleaned. Mold, mildew, traces of grease, rust and efflorescence must be removed from the wall surface with special solutions and compounds.

Methods for applying hydrophobic impregnation

1. Water-repellent impregnation can be applied using a roller or brush.
   Application with a brush is preferable since you can control the consumption of the product and work out the corners and texture of the material (especially when it comes to decorative facing stone). It is recommended to use brushes with medium-length artificial bristles. The brush will allow you to apply the impregnation in an even layer. Hydrophobization of bricks
2. When processing large surfaces without a clearly expressed textured surface, it is permissible to use a spray gun and spray guns. You should be careful and ensure that the impregnation is applied evenly.

The most famous water repellents

Water repellents are classified into surface or volumetric agents. During surface hydrophobization, walls are treated with a brush, roller or spray. Volumetric is performed by pouring the solution into pre-drilled holes over the entire area of ​​the surface to be treated. The second treatment method is preferable, and the effect is protected until the building is demolished, while with the first treatment method it lasts only 15-25 years.

The most famous and most frequently used means include:

• “Kontraquin” or GKZh-11 (Hydrophobic organosilicon liquid). A special feature of the product is the fact that the impregnation is sold in the form of a powder, which must be diluted with water in a ratio of 1:5. If necessary, the addition of color pigments is allowed;
• “Monolith Hydro” (also diluted with water 1:5 and allowed as an additive when mixing cement and concrete mixtures);
• “Monolith 20M” (forms a thin protective gel layer on the treated surface, partially penetrating the pores of the material, somewhat increasing the strength of the structure itself);
• “Granit-28” (impregnation is used not only for waterproofing walls, but also floors; studies have shown that its use increases the strength characteristics of materials);
• hydrophobic products of the Ecodel series (significantly reduce heat loss and serve as a primer coating for walls and floors, can be used for both interior and exterior work);
• “AquaTop” (the principle of impregnation is that when applied it will enter the pores of the material and displace the existing water from there, and then evaporate from the surface, leaving behind a protective layer);
• products of the “Neomid” series (in particular Neomid h3O stop, ideal for use on natural or artificial stone, various types of brick and concrete, as well as reinforced concrete structures);
• moisture-repellent impregnation "Crystallizol" (is a multi-component composition with different effects, the main advantage of the drug is that it can be used in any application method and on all surfaces without exception, both simple and complex textured).
  Water repellent Kristallizol

Treating wood with water-repellent impregnations

Undoubtedly, wood belongs to the category of the most commonly used materials in the construction of structures and its interior decoration due to its ease of processing, good consumer and aesthetic properties. Regardless of the quality in which wooden elements are used - as a material for the construction of a building or, among others, for finishing work, pre-treatment with special hydrophobic compounds is a necessary condition for successful and long-term operation in the future, since moisture negatively affects wood, significantly shortening its lifespan. his service.

Exposed to moisture, elements become more sensitive to mold, fungi and insects, which will ultimately affect the condition of the entire structure as a whole. When choosing a protective impregnation for wood, first of all, you should give preference to solutions with moisture-repellent properties.

Hydrophobic impregnations

The range of impregnations used to protect wooden structures is quite wide. Modern manufacturers of building materials offer both highly targeted solutions and multifunctional ones.

The first (narrowly targeted) include impregnations, the main task of which is to reliably protect wood from exposure to excess moisture and preserve its integrity. Such impregnations can be used as an independent product, or can be added to special bioprimers before using paints and varnishes. Bioprimers are applied to previously prepared and dried wood and left until completely dry, and only after that can you begin painting or using varnish.

The group of multifunctional products includes impregnations and water-repellent solutions with various additional effects. The use of such tools significantly saves time and money.

1. Hydrophobic impregnations with tinting properties.
   These products contain special color pigments. Their use allows you to quickly process wood and give it a more pleasant appearance, focusing attention on the design and hiding irregularities. In addition to acquiring moisture-resistant properties, the color of the wood becomes deeper and more saturated. Most often, such impregnations are used when treating interior spaces. Hydrophobic impregnations with tinting properties
2. Impregnations with enhanced protection.
   These impregnations contain special active substances that prevent the action and development of mold and fungi. This type of moisture-repellent impregnation is used when treating external facades of wooden structures, showers and steam rooms. Such products have a maximum level of moisture protection and a colorless texture. Impregnations with enhanced protection
3. Hydrophobic fire retardants. The specially developed composition of such complex products allows you to protect wood from moisture and resist high temperatures; in other words, it gives the wood fire-resistant properties. When treating interior spaces with an increased risk of fire, the likelihood of a fire becomes minimal. This is the most multifunctional impregnation, combining all possible properties, with the exception of tinting. It is recommended to renew the layer of such impregnation every 4-5 years. The product contains substances that are safe for humans and the environment.

Treated wood is more resistant to moisture, dirt and dust. This is especially important for rooms with high humidity – baths and saunas.

Assortment of wood impregnations

Because the market for construction and auxiliary materials is constantly evolving, introducing new brands to the consumer. It would be useful to mention already well-proven products in this area.

Impregnation for wood

1. The most popular among hydrophobic products today are Belinka brand impregnations. They achieve their high quality and reliability thanks to a carefully developed composition. As a rule, products from this manufacturer are multifunctional, which significantly saves time during repairs and construction. In addition to moisture-proofing properties, these impregnations protect against sun exposure, preventing fading and cracking.
2. Another well-known and no less reliable brand is Aqualazur. The range of impregnations in this series meets the highest requirements and is extremely wide. The manufacturer offers products for both interior and exterior use. Impregnations do not contain toxic substances, dry quickly and are water-based.
3. The Neomid series products have good moisture-protective properties. Impregnations from this manufacturer create a durable waterproof layer on the surface of the wood and keep the wood from swelling. The most popular product of this brand is Neomid Bio Color.

Wood impregnation

When choosing a particular impregnation, you should be guided by certain principles:

• the purpose of hydrophobic impregnation;
• additional requirements for impregnation (protection from mold, mildew, UV rays, etc.);
• Should the impregnation perform tinting properties?

This, as well as the area of ​​work carried out, will significantly affect the price, which in any case will be lower than eliminating possible damage. The approximate consumption of hydrophobic impregnations is 200-450 ml per 1 sq.m, depending on the “texture” of the wood.

Also read on our website an article about do-it-yourself selective coating.

Video - Hydrophobizer NEOGARD. DIY hydrophobic coating

svoimi-rykami.ru

What brands of compounds can you buy?

Quite a few types of penetrating waterproofing are now sold on the construction market. Moreover, there are both formulations from well-known manufacturers, and those that have appeared quite recently and are not yet familiar to a wide range of consumers. Experts advise purchasing only proven formulations, which will be discussed below. The most common options are Lakhta, Penetron, Hydrohit, etc. They all differ from each other in price and a number of technical features.

Penetrating waterproofing for concrete LAKHTA

Penetron: everything about it

This name combines several types of waterproofing compounds, using which together, you can achieve excellent quality of work. This is one of the most common options for penetrating waterproofing. The component consumption is about 0.95 kg/m2, provided that it is coated in two layers. If the surface being treated is uneven, the consumption may increase slightly.

Penetrating waterproofing PENETRON

It is easy to work with the Penetron mixture - the preparation instructions are extremely simple. The composition must be prepared immediately before use, like other types of penetrating waterproofing. The preparation method is as follows: the composition must be mixed with water in a ratio of 2:1, and you need to pour the dry composition into the water and mix. Next, you just need to continuously apply the finished composition to the wet surfaces to be treated. After the first coat has been applied, you need to wait a little time for it to set and then apply the second coat. Further work on improving the surface can be carried out 3 days after applying the waterproofing.

Penecritus and Penebar as an addition to Penetron

The Penecrit composition allows you to process joints and abutments of a number of concrete structures and provide waterproofing in these areas. And Penebar is a gasket made of composite materials, which allows all seams to be sealed to the maximum. If you wet it, it increases in size and fills all the free space.

Penebar

Penecrit is easy to prepare - it is mixed with water 1:4 until it becomes plasticine. No more than 5-7 kg of mixture is prepared for one application. Before filling the cracks, they must be cleaned with a brush and cleared of dust. The cracks should measure about 25mm wide and about 45mm deep.

Review of impregnations for concrete surfaces

Impregnation for concrete is a special composition designed to improve the properties of the material. Unlike additives, which are added to the solution at the production stage, impregnating agents are intended for processing the finished concrete product.

Impregnations act exclusively on near-surface areas, without deep penetration into the structure of concrete or foam concrete. The maximum penetration depth of impregnating compounds does not exceed 5 millimeters.

Impregnations perform several functions:

• protecting the material from destruction due to the negative influence of the external environment;
• improving the strength characteristics of the material;
• the appearance of the surface becomes more attractive.

Types of impregnations

Impregnations existing on the market are divided into several types according to their functions:

1. Dust removal. Designed to prevent dust formation on the coating. Typically used for treating exposed concrete floors subject to high mechanical loads. Often, such modifiers are used to treat outdoor coatings. The capabilities of dust-removing compounds are not limited to the fight against dust, since these impregnations can also increase the strength and wear resistance of concrete, as well as protect it from the harmful effects of humidity. Special additives make the surface resistant to the effects of aggressive chemicals, including fuels and lubricants. The latter quality indicates the indispensability of such compositions for treating concrete floors and walls in a garage or workshop.
2. Colored impregnation for concrete is a type of composition intended for finishing concrete. Of course, regular paint can be applied to a concrete surface, but such a coating will not be durable if it is subjected to constant mechanical stress. In this case, it is much more correct to use an impregnating composition, which not only strengthens the concrete, penetrating into it by 2-5 millimeters, but also gives the surface the desired color. Before applying colored compounds, it is recommended to treat the coating with hydrophobic impregnation.
3. Hydrophobizing (water-repellent) modifiers are designed to protect concrete from the negative effects of moisture. The action of the substance is based on blocking all pores and cracks, as a result of which moisture cannot penetrate deep into the material. In addition, moisture is repelled from the surface area of ​​the concrete. In addition to hydrophobic characteristics, water-repellent modifiers prevent efflorescence and cracks from occurring on the surface. Impregnations also increase the resistance of concrete to ultraviolet radiation, acid and alkaline compounds, fungi and mold. Hydrophobizing impregnations are considered the most universal due to their wide spectrum of action. However, if there is a need for some highly specialized qualities of concrete, it is recommended to opt for impregnation designed to achieve the desired result.
4. Strengthening impregnation for concrete is most often an inorganic substance and is made on the basis of potassium and sodium liquid glass. Strengthening occurs due to the penetration of the modifier to a depth of 3-3.5 millimeters and changes in the structure of the material at the molecular level, due to which the concrete acquires additional strength characteristics. As a rule, this depth is sufficient, but in some cases even deeper soaking is necessary. In such a situation, one of the latest developments in the field of building materials will help - lithium-based impregnation, which can seep into concrete to a depth of 5 millimeters. Lithium impregnations are considered universal, since when the molecular structure changes, concrete acquires hydrophobic properties. Lithium also avoids the formation of efflorescence. The drying time of the lithium modifier does not exceed 2 hours.

Classification of impregnations by composition

From the point of view of content, impregnations are usually divided into two types:

• organic;
• inorganic.

Organic Blends

Modifiers of this variety are liquid mixtures based on epoxy resins, acrylates and polyurethane. When applied to the surface, organic matter penetrates into the small pores of the surface layer of the material, due to which the concrete acquires protective characteristics and becomes stronger. In other words, the impregnating composition acts as a primer.

Polyurethane impregnation for concrete has the most complete set of positive qualities.

Compositions based on epoxy resins and acrylic polymers are specialized and should be chosen only if one specific task needs to be achieved, for example, elasticity or hydrophobicity.

Inorganic mixtures

Modifiers based on inorganic components interact with concrete somewhat differently than organic ones. Such impregnations act not through the pores of the material, but by reacting with external compounds of molecules from among those that can be dissolved. Subsequently, the compounds treated in this way are inert and do not enter into any reactions.

As a result of impregnation with inorganic mixtures, concrete acquires all the same qualities that can be achieved with organics - water resistance, strength, dust removal. The disadvantage of inorganic compounds is their high cost. Therefore, organics are more common among consumers. Also among the advantages of organic impregnations are their environmental friendliness and greater safety during use.

Surface Treatment Tips

To properly impregnate the material, it is recommended to adhere to the following rules:

1. The compositions are allowed to be applied to the surface only some time after pouring the concrete. For example, Monolith concrete impregnation is applied no earlier than after 14 days. Gives the same recommendation.
2. At the time of application, the concrete must be dry, otherwise the reagents will not react.
3. Surface treatment should be carried out at air temperatures from 5 to 40 degrees above zero. Failure to comply with the temperature regime will negatively affect the quality of impregnation.
4. Surface treatment should not be carried out in conditions of high humidity or precipitation. If it has recently rained, you should wait until the surface is completely dry before starting work. Also, you should not start soaking concrete in cloudy weather, when there is a risk of precipitation. The minimum time for drying the impregnated surface is 2 hours.
5. Small chips, cracks, potholes and other minor defects in concrete must be eliminated in advance by dry grinding. Please note: impregnation is intended to strengthen the material at the molecular level, but does not correct material defects.
6. The mixture can only be applied to a clean, dust-free surface.

Impregnating concrete is not a very difficult job, and it can be done with your own hands. In this case, it is important to choose the right modifier, as well as comply with the technological requirements discussed in this article.

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