Calculator for calculating the amount of concrete for pouring stairs

Stairs made of concrete are the most reliable, strong and durable structures among similar ones made from other materials and the most preferable option for stone buildings with slab floors, since they allow you to eliminate any installation connections and create a single monolithic system.

The KALK.PRO service offers to use online calculators for calculating concrete stairs and get a ready-made turnkey design project , in which you can find a list of materials required for manufacturing, a set of detailed drawings of all elements and a 3D spatial model of the structure. The report is automatically saved in your personal account and can be downloaded, bookmarked, sent by email or social networks.

The program algorithm does not provide for compliance with building codes and regulations, but only performs mathematical operations based on the user’s entered values. However, based on the current provisions of SNiP, GOST, TU, recommendations are provided (angle of inclination, height of steps, tread width...) for the manufacture of the most convenient and ergonomic staircase , and if unacceptable values ​​are entered, the calculation stops.

We have created high-quality automated calculators to facilitate the calculation of the amount of materials, since calculating a complex structure with your own hands is a very long and painstaking process. You can trust us - look at the completed user projects on the “Reviews” page.

Types of concrete staircase designs

Before starting the manufacture of a concrete staircase, it is necessary to decide on the type of structure that will be used and the method of its manufacture.
Types of concrete staircase designs:

• Monolithic - their design is based on ready-made reinforced concrete marches. For manufacturing, it is necessary to have a certain terrain, which will allow the structure to be installed with the desired slope. To install such a staircase, you need steps of a certain shape: triangle, rectangle or corner. Installation is carried out by laying parts on soil compacted with crushed stone. To do this, steps and treads are pre-cut with a shovel according to the size of the slabs. The first stage is compacted with a mound of sand and crushed stone, the layer of each of them should be 5 cm in size. The basis for the concrete slab is cement mortar, the thickness of which should be 2–3 cm.
• Spiral staircases - these staircases are very popular due to their compactness and ease of use. They are ideal for small homes where space needs to be maintained as there is no need to install a central column. Spiral staircases have an unusual design, thanks to which such a design will ideally complement the appearance of the house.
• Marching ones have an increased level of safety and are quite easy to manufacture, but require a lot of space.

External concrete stairs can have different shapes and models. If the owners of the premises have an original idea about installing an individual, but complex staircase design, a specialist will help turn this idea into reality.

Construction technology

The production of reinforced concrete stairs consists of 5 stages:

On a note! All processes are closely interconnected, with the installation of the lower part of the boards carried out before reinforcement. And the upper panels, limiting the steps from the riser side, are installed after the reinforcement has been laid.

Installation of formwork panels and reinforcement

Before making a concrete staircase and attaching the formwork panels, it is necessary to check the actual dimensions with the design ones. If there were any violations during the construction of the building, the staircase design will have to be recalculated.

The interfloor passage, especially in a situation where a monolithic structure is poured, takes on part of the load-bearing load. Reinforcement pins are drilled into the walls, so it is important to maintain distances.

Formwork assembly instructions, main points:

• For formwork, you should take moisture-resistant material, for example, plywood, at least 2 cm thick.
• If the staircase is formed adjacent to a wall, then a beam with a cross-section of 8*8 cm is drilled to the surface of the wall, which will set the angle of inclination of the flight of stairs.
• If the structure is mounted with support only in the lower and upper parts of the span, then the supports for the lower formwork panels are assembled independently. In this case, the structure must withstand the weight of concrete reinforced with metal.
• The bottom edge and side parts, if necessary, are fastened together without any gaps.
• If there is a need for the sidewalls of the formwork, plywood is cut according to the design with strict adherence to the dimensions of the steps.
• For assembly, self-tapping screws are used, which can be easily unscrewed when dismantling the formwork, without exerting physical pressure on the concrete structure.
• Treat the inside of the boards with oil or cover with film. This ensures that the milk from the concrete does not soak into the wood.

After a kind of box has been assembled, limiting the steps from below and on the sides, reinforcement is installed.

There are several nuances here:

• If there is an abutment wall, reinforcement pins are drilled into it at the corners of future steps by 20 cm.
• A reinforcement body that follows the contours of the stairs is attached to these pins.
• At the same stage, the embedded parts are arranged, to which the railings will later be mounted.

Before pouring concrete into the formwork, vertical panels of the upper formwork should be installed, which will determine the height of the steps and their width.

Pouring the solution

Before you start pouring the solution into the formwork, prepare 2 wide boards about 3 cm thick, which will help you move along the new staircase without violating its integrity:

• The first - longer than the width of the flight of stairs for laying across the flight with support on the formwork;
• The second is longer than the length of the entire march, supported on the floor and the upper platform, for moving up and down.

Filling begins from the top step, in portions that are multiples of the volume of each cell. After the formwork is filled, the walls are tapped to get rid of voids in the mass. For the same purpose, you can use a mechanical vibrator.

After the movement of the solution stops, after about 10 minutes, it is necessary to level the upper areas of the steps. Next, the stairs are covered with polyethylene in order to reduce the amount of fumes. In the first days, the polyethylene is removed to wet the surface of the fill.

On a note! After the concrete has gained sufficient strength, no earlier than 21 days, the side formwork panels can be dismantled. After 4 weeks, the lower shields can be removed.

If, after removing the shields, small defects in the shapes are found, you can patch up the steps with repeated thin-layer filling. You can learn more about the process of forming concrete steps with formwork by watching the video in this article.

Priming and decoration

The technology for manufacturing concrete stairs includes the process of protecting the structure with a deep penetration primer or primer. Regardless of what material is chosen as a decorative coating, concrete must be protected.

Having a porous internal structure, concrete is susceptible to destructive processes under the influence of external moisture. To avoid negative effects, concrete is treated with a primer and subsequently laid with decorative material.

Such procedures will allow:

• increase the service life of concrete;
• reduce costs for current repairs;
• prevent premature aging of the structure and reduction in strength;
• improves aesthetic appearance.

Material selection criteria

Of course, the most important factor influencing the selection of decorative finishing material is beauty. In addition, such parameters as price, practicality and safety are important. But starting the story about how a concrete staircase is made in a private house, we touched upon the topic of the shapes of staircases.

Facing rectangular steps will not cause any difficulties. Another point is finishing the stairs with winder steps or with a pattern. In this situation, it is better to give preference to a material that is easy to cut.

On a note! The decorative material performs the function of noise reduction and also reduces the level of injuries by softening the impact of a fall.

Calculation of a spiral staircase

A spiral staircase is a structure with circular steps. To determine the size of this device, it is enough to know the area of ​​the circle within which the support will be fixed. This calculation can be performed using the formula: S = πR², where π is 3.14, and R is the length of the step.

The following nuances should also be taken into account:

• the shape of the steps is trapezoid;
• their length should not exceed the length of the marching structures;
• the thickness of the wide side cannot be less than 40 centimeters;
• the thickness of the narrow edge is at least 20 centimeters;
• the turn of the screw structure must be greater than the diameter multiplied by two.

Features of concrete structures

The creation of a reinforced concrete structure takes place at the construction site. Reinforcement is required for its construction. The iron frame can be connected to the wall or be independent. The staircase can be of the following type:

The simplest design is considered to be one with marches, but it requires more space. Winder options are considered not very convenient, but they are easier to fit in cramped hallways. Due to the impossibility of dismantling the structure, moving it to another place or finishing it, stairs are installed at the initial stages of construction

It is important to carry out preliminary calculations correctly

Calculator for strip concrete

How does a strip calculator work?

All data is entered in meters, if 30 cm then you need to enter (0.3 or 0.3) Talibtsa with the correct values:

Basic values ​​for calculation:

• “L” – total length of the strip foundation;
• “S” – width of the strip foundation;
• “h” is the height of the strip foundation.

The formula used for calculation is V=L*s*h. The calculation also takes into account an additional reserve of 25% of concrete, which is necessary for the subsidence of the foundation that occurs during pouring.

Below the calculation, you will be offered a price for all brands that are used for strip foundations (from M-200 to M-350).

If you need ready-mixed concrete of a different brand, just call us at our contact numbers.

Calculator for calculating the amount of concrete for pouring stairs

It cannot be said, of course, that concrete stairs are too popular among owners of country houses. Usually, structures are built from natural wood, or combined, with a combination of a metal frame and wooden parts for steps and fencing. However, it also happens that a monolithic concrete staircase becomes the best option, despite the rather lengthy and very labor-intensive process of its construction.

Calculator for calculating the amount of concrete for pouring stairs

Pouring a monolithic staircase requires the creation of a rather complex formwork and reinforcing structure - but this is a topic for another discussion. In addition, you will need to order the delivery of the required amount of concrete solution in advance, or provide for the possibility of its production directly at the place of work. The fact is that in order to achieve the required strength of the staircase structure, the entire span must be poured in one go.

The following calculator for calculating the amount of concrete for pouring stairs will help you plan this technological stage. Several comments on the calculation algorithm will also be given.

Calculator for calculating the amount of concrete for pouring stairs

Explanations for calculations

The principle of calculation is simple - you need to determine the volume of the staircase structure being created, and then add 10 percent of the reserve to the resulting value. This, in principle, will become the desired value - you can order a solution (preferably brand M 300). Or you can import the required amount of ingredients for its manufacture directly to the pouring site, in accordance with the recommended mixing proportions.

The proportions of concrete are known. This means that the main difficulty is to correctly find the volume of the staircase structure to be poured. The following diagram will help us with this:

Scheme for calculating the volume of a concrete staircase structure

S - The width of a flight of stairs that can withstand from its beginning to its end.

M – length of the flight of stairs.

They are not shown in the diagram, but the dimensions of the steps are involved in the calculation: height, width and total number.

Cement prices

T 1 – the thickness of the so-called working slab of the stairs. In fact, as you can see, this is the perpendicular distance from the back side of the flight to the bottom corner of the stair step.

The value, by the way, is not arbitrary. For spans of various lengths, the minimum limits for the thickness of the working slab are established:

P – length of the supporting platform. Such a platform can be only on one side of the stairs, or on both sides.

T 2 is the thickness of this support platform.

If there is no clarity about the size of the steps and the general parameters of the staircase, then we will help you figure it out.

Several recommendations and convenient calculators for calculating flight stairs

It is clear that not every home craftsman remembers well the rules of geometry and the laws of trigonometry in order to accurately carry out the necessary calculations for the construction of a flight of stairs. This means that it makes sense for him to follow the links to calculators for calculating the length and slope of a flight of stairs , and to a separate calculator for calculating the size of stair steps .

All initial data is entered into the appropriate input fields in the calculator. Then, after pressing the calculation button, the result will be displayed. It will show the required volume of ready-made concrete solution in cubic meters (for ordering), as well as the amount of ingredients in weight and volume equivalent (for self-production of concrete on site). The total already includes a 10 percent margin.

How to calculate a concrete staircase?

If you want to correctly calculate a concrete staircase and get a safe, durable structure, you need to take the most accurate measurement of the opening, and then carefully recheck the values ​​​​enter into the fields of the calculator. Any deviations may lead to modification of individual node connections, which in turn will directly affect the stability of the structure

It is also important, it is important to familiarize yourself with the standard values ​​​​in construction regulations - they establish acceptable indicators of load-bearing elements under certain operating conditions

Also, before using calculators for calculating concrete stairs, we suggest that you watch a video in which a specialist demonstrates the interface and the main capabilities of the designer. We do not recommend rewinding as the master provides important professional advice throughout the recording.

If you still have questions about filling out the fields of the calculator, also read the articles - installation of stairs and the optimal angle of inclination of the stairs. There you will find almost all the necessary information.

Calculator

Use our online calculator for the initial calculation of the work on pouring a monolithic staircase. You can also choose finishing materials for steps, balusters and railings. The calculation is made taking into account materials and turnkey work. To receive a detailed estimate for the work, we suggest that our specialist visit your site.

Enter value

Select step finish

Select riser finish

Select railing type

Select backlight

When constructing high-rise buildings, the main architectural element is a concrete staircase. Ease of use depends on the selected size ratio, so the calculation of steps should be done very carefully. To facilitate this process, I introduced a special online concrete staircase calculator

, allowing you to perform calculations as quickly as possible.

3D model

Modeling is the process of developing a three-dimensional scene based on existing drawings or calculations. Essentially, a 3D model is a prototype of a future structure and is necessary to represent a non-existent object in real conditions, for example, this is useful in cases where it is necessary to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of a structure, design and concept in general. On the KALK.PRO website you can create an interactive model of your concrete staircase in a few clicks - it’s absolutely free and you only need to fill out the fields in the calculator.

If you have any questions when using the online concrete stair calculator, please contact us using the comment form at the bottom of the page. There you can leave reviews, suggestions and share your experience of use.

Concrete staircase in a private house - what are its features

To make it convenient to move between floors in a private house, stairs are necessary. Among the various designs, you can choose the most suitable one.

Pros and cons of construction between floors

Using it in a private home has the following advantages:

• Such structures are installed anywhere inside or outside the house (for example, a porch). They are suitable for a variety of climatic conditions.
• Concrete structures have high mechanical strength.
• Concrete stairs can withstand heavy use without wearing out.
• High durability of structures.

Disadvantages of such designs:

• Concrete structures are characterized by significant weight. Because of this, it is necessary to provide them with a sufficiently powerful foundation.
• Installation requires significant labor and takes a long time.
• The structures cannot be put into operation quickly, since the concrete dries completely in 4 weeks. Only after this period will the surface acquire the necessary strength.

When choosing a suitable design, you need to take into account the specific situation.

Materials

When planning to make concrete stairs on your own, you need to not only decide on the shapes and sizes of the steps, but also calculate the amount of materials needed. If the project was ordered from specialists, then a list of materials indicating the required quantity will be given in the specification.

If the concrete staircase calculation and design were carried out independently, then an online calculator will help you determine the volume of materials.

Usually, to fill stairs, a solution of grade M200 of class B15 is used. During the classic mixing of this brand of concrete, mineral additives are not used.

Proportions of concrete components:

• cement - 1 part;
• sifted sand - 2.8 parts;
• crushed stone or gravel - 3.8 parts;
• water - 0.7 parts.

Any concrete structure that experiences loads is reinforced with an internal steel frame. In the case of flights of stairs, as a rule, a steel reinforcing rod of a periodic profile with a diameter of 8 to 12 mm is used. The rods are connected into a single reinforcing frame by welding or tying. The reinforcement is bundled with construction wire with a diameter of 1 - 2 mm.

Manufacturing of concrete stairs: possible forms and technology of construction

When constructing private houses, cottage owners are increasingly giving preference to the installation of monolithic interfloor slabs. The production of concrete stairs must meet all technical and practical requirements for this type of structure.

Being the most economical and environmentally friendly, concrete at the same time allows you to create durable and practical stairs of various shapes. In our article, we will look at different types of staircases, tell you how to make a concrete staircase with your own hands, and also give some practical tips.

What else can you calculate given the thickness value?

Some private developers follow generally accepted recommendations for choosing slab thickness and do not carry out independent calculations. This method is acceptable in individual housing construction if the owner himself takes responsibility for the reliability of the structure being built.

Thus, knowing the thickness of the monolith, you can find out:

• need for solution;
• select reinforcement pitch and reinforcement thickness;
• count the amount of rolled metal for knitting the reinforcing frame.

Required volume of concrete solution

The volume of concrete is found using the inverse formula:

In this case, it is necessary to take into account the properties of concrete and the conditions of its hardening. In practice, a margin of 20% of the calculated parameter is made.

Reinforcement pitch and rod thickness

The reinforcement scheme is selected according to the current rules SP 63.13330.2018. If the thickness of the slab does not exceed 0.15 m, then the reinforcement is carried out in one layer. Otherwise, the reinforcing frame consists of two belts located in relation to each other at such a distance that a protective layer of concrete at least 4 cm thick remains around the metal structure.

The pitch between the rods will be from 20 to 40 cm, depending on the type of design structure:

• 20 cm – for foundations for frame and wooden houses;
• 30 cm - for foundations for buildings made of brick and other heavy building materials.

Under load-bearing walls and in places where the load on the foundation will be increased, the spacing between the reinforcement is purposefully reduced.

The diameter of the reinforcing bars that are used to strengthen the foundation slab is a very important parameter. Therefore, it is necessary to first determine the cross-section of the reinforcement bars.

To determine the minimum diameter of reinforcing bars, you need:

• find the cross-sectional area of ​​the slab;
• find the permissible cross-sectional area of ​​the rod, which will be 15% of the cross-sectional area of ​​the slab;
• calculate the total area of ​​reinforcement in one belt;
• using the length of the slab and the pitch between the bars, find the minimum cross-section of the reinforcement.

Number of fittings

The amount of reinforcement is easy to calculate if you have a foundation reinforcement diagram in front of you. Alternately fold longitudinal and perpendicular rods, taking into account the size of the vertical jumpers and the number of intersection points of the metal rods.

If the frame consists of two belts, then the resulting value is doubled. As a rule, reinforcement is sold by weight, so the quantitative indicator must be increased by the density of the metal and converted to tons.

Creation of a concrete monolithic staircase

To pour a concrete staircase with your own hands, you need to make an effort. For a better understanding of the process, we present step-by-step instructions for the construction of a two-flight concrete staircase with a rotation angle of 90 and a platform.

Preparatory work (construction of formwork: beginning)

After the calculations have been carried out and the type of structure has been determined, the installation of formwork begins. The example of a concrete staircase in question is installed in the corner of the room near the wall. In this case, first mark the location of the profile. The bottom line coincides with the placement of the formwork. They begin to build the formwork frame.

Assembly is performed according to the following instructions:

1. Load-bearing beams are installed. The entire monolithic structure will rest on them, so their dimensions should be 50x150 mm. We cut the end parts of the beams at the desired angle. The length of the part must correspond to the size from the bottom of the stairs to its landing. The beam must be attached to the wall below the broken line by the thickness of the plywood sheet (approximately 15 mm). It is better to fasten the beam using concrete pins 150 mm long.

2. Supports are installed under the beam. They need to be placed in increments of 0.5 m. One of them is common for the beam and platform. Therefore, you need to install it with a protrusion half the width of the board. The support must be cut correctly: one edge of it is cut at a right angle, and the second corresponds to the angle of steepness of the stairs. The length of each support corresponds to the distance from the floor to the beam in the place where it will be installed. The upper end is attached to the beam with self-tapping screws screwed at an angle.

3. Start constructing the formwork deck. To do this, install a second beam strictly parallel to the one attached to the wall. To accomplish this task, first a block of equal positioning is attached to the beams. It will also serve as a support for the deck crossbars. The crossbars are installed in 30 cm increments. Their purpose is to hold the OSB sheet together with the concrete.

4. A frame with the letter P is formed from the beams - the basis for the landing. Two parts are attached to the wall, and the third to the end of the beams. Supports are installed under it and the free beam - the outer side of the formwork. To ensure that the racks do not accidentally move during the pouring process, they must be secured with a common board at the base of the floor.

5. Jumpers are installed under the OSB on the site. To prevent them from bending under the weight of concrete, it is better to build a support under each lintel. They are all connected by a board at the base of the floor.

6. Start covering. To do this, parts are cut out of the OSB sheet according to the exact dimensions indicated on the staircase diagram. The parts are laid on the crossbars and fixed with self-tapping screws 55 mm long at a distance of 20 cm. After this, the strength of the deck is checked; it should not bend under heavy weight.

Related article: Features of spiral staircases: types and advantages [options for every taste and budget]

7. The sides and second flight are installed. Strips of OSB, the lower part of which is aligned with the edge of the formwork. The height corresponds to the expected thickness of the monolith. The second flight of stairs is installed in the same way.

Reinforcement

An important point in installing a concrete staircase is its reinforcement. Only in this way will it be possible to achieve the necessary strength and reliability of the structure.

Reinforcement recommendations

The structure is strengthened using reinforcement. There is no need to oversaturate elements with metal. This does not affect the degree of strength, but the weight of the ladder increases significantly. In this regard, you need to be guided by the standards, which state that the total area of ​​the reinforcement should be 0.25% of the cross-section of the part. Knowing all the indicators, it is not difficult to make the appropriate calculations.

Calculation of the minimum number of rods for longitudinal reinforcement of a flight of stairs

They start by defining the basic parameters:

• march width;
• slab thickness;
• diametrical section of the reinforcement.

The diameter of the reinforcement is determined by the dimensions of the flights of stairs. Up to 3 m, rods with a diameter of 10 mm are used, and above - 12 mm. Based on the structure, only corrugated reinforcement is selected.

The rods must be laid with a distance between them of 250-300 mm. These are the minimum indicators. Otherwise, small cells will prevent the uniform distribution of concrete. Inside the slab, the rods are placed so that the concrete layer (both above and below) is within 2-5 cm.

To calculate the minimum number of longitudinal rods, you can use online calculators. With their help, more complex calculations are performed. For example, for a staircase 800 mm wide and 150 mm thick, using rods with a diameter of 10 mm, you will need at least 4 longitudinal rods.

Example of reinforcement of a concrete staircase [step by step]

Do-it-yourself reinforcement requires the correct choice of material and calculations. A high-quality bundle of rods is also performed. In this case, the tying will be done with a special knitting wire.

The reinforcement process is as follows:

1. Along the deck there are 4 rods with a diametrical cross-section of 10 mm in this order: on the sides, one rod at a distance of 7 cm from the edge and two with a uniform spacing between them. The pitch between the rods was 220 mm.

2. It is necessary to provide supports under the rods that would facilitate the location of the frame inside the monolith. Masters get out of this situation in different ways. But, it is best to purchase special polymer stands.

3. Moving to the site, the rods are bent and the ends are inserted into the prepared holes in the wall. Often, craftsmen put all the rods into the walls.

4. Next comes the installation of the transverse rods. They are arranged so that the result is a reinforced mesh. Tying at the intersection of longitudinal and transverse reinforcement bars is done using tying wire.

5. Next, the process is repeated on the upper flight. To do this, first remove the ends of the rods from the ceiling and bend them so that those allocated for the upper level can be welded to them. The rest of the process is no different from what was on the lower flight.

On the video: frame of a monolithic staircase.

Completion of formwork installation (installation of partitions and risers)

After the reinforcement has been completed, the final process of constructing the formwork begins - installing partitions, which, after pouring concrete, will become the basis for the risers.

The work is as follows:

1. To begin with, panels are cut from OSB that will serve as partitions for the steps. The dimensions of the panels fully correspond to the height of the riser and the width of the flight.

2. Then prepare three more parts from 50×150 boards: a supporting part, the dimensions of which are equal to the dimensions of the panels, and two 100×150 pieces for attaching the lintels to the sides of the formwork.

3. Fastening the jumpers can begin from any position - from above or from below. Markings are applied on the sides of the formwork to facilitate installation.

4. First, the boards are connected to the segments, and then to the sides. A jumper is placed inside. After installing each part, you should carefully double-check the dimensions and install supports.

When installing the formwork, you need to have polyurethane foam with you. It is used to seal the resulting cracks so that the concrete does not leak out.

Pouring the stairs

After installing the formwork, the concrete pouring begins. At this stage of work it is also necessary to strictly follow the technology.

Related article: How to paint a wooden staircase: choice of paint material and painting technology

Pouring Mortar Tips

The main feature of the concrete pouring process is that it must be done in one step. In this case, it makes no difference whether the staircase is small or large. Otherwise, the solidity of the structure is disrupted and its reliability and strength are reduced. Therefore, you should worry about creating conditions for quick work or order ready-made concrete.

In the case of making a solution with your own hands, we determine its composition. It is best to use concrete grade M-300 or M-250. For these compositions, cement, sand and crushed stone have the following ratio: M-250 – 1:2.1:3.9 and M-300 – 1:1.9:3.7.

The fractionation of crushed stone is also important - 25-30 mm. Larger material will not be able to qualitatively fill the space under the reinforcing belt.

As for the ratio of water and cement, it should be slightly less than is usually accepted, approximately 0.6. It is necessary to ensure that the concrete is plastic and does not have a high degree of fluidity. Experts recommend adding plasticizers to it, which are widely sold in hardware stores.

Calculation of the amount of solution [+example]

It is easy to calculate the amount of concrete solution required. We need to remember our geometry lessons again. In this case, you need to find out the volume of the structure. In its shape, the staircase can be approximated to a rectangular parallelepiped. To calculate the volume, multiply the length by the width and thickness of the slab. A margin of 10% is added to the result obtained. Knowing the volume, the amount of bulk materials can be calculated using an online calculator.

You just need to enter certain parameters in the fields. For example, a staircase meets the following parameters:

• march width – 0.8 m;
• span length – 2.5 m;
• slab thickness – 0.15 m;
• step height – 0.2 m:
• tread width – 0.25 m;
• number of steps – 9;
• length of support platforms – 0.6.

The online calculator will give the following result: you need to order 0.61 m3 with a 10% reserve. In the case of self-made mortar, 160 kg of M-400 cement is required; 310 kg of sand (0.19 m3), 600 kg of crushed stone (0.41 m3).

Stage of pouring a concrete staircase [step by step]

The formwork is ready, the materials for the concrete composition have been purchased, it’s time for concreting. You can fill the stairs by following this plan:

1. Completely clean the structure from dust and debris that could have gotten there during the construction of the formwork; it’s easier to do this with a vacuum cleaner. It is better to place the concrete mixer in close proximity to the structure so as not to carry heavy mortar far.

2. Let's start mixing concrete. Fill in half the amount of water along with the plasticizer, turn on the concrete mixer. Then add one part of crushed stone, it will allow you to uniformly stir the contents and separate the adhering mixture from the walls. This is followed by cement and sand, and finally the remainder of crushed stone and water.

3. The staircase is poured from the bottom step, and gradually rise to the upper elements. After the concrete is poured into the formwork, you need to immediately bayonet it with a piece of reinforcement or a trowel. This will help distribute the mixture evenly and expel excess air.

4. The result will be much better if you use a special vibrator for concrete. You need to try not to touch the reinforcing belt. Next, the surface is leveled with a trowel, excess concrete is removed and smoothed.

5. After the concrete has gained the required strength, after a few days, depending on the temperature in the room, the formwork is dismantled and then polished using a grinding machine with a special attachment.

Finish options

For further use of the concrete staircase, they think about its finishing. There are many options for this. Wood looks very advantageous, it is light and fits perfectly into almost any interior. Wood can be used to decorate steps, balustrades, and handrails. Can be combined with nickel-plated and forged elements in fences.

Materials such as stone, glass and plastic are also often used in decoration. A possible option is ceramic tile cladding.

When starting to create a concrete staircase yourself, it is necessary to carry out careful preparation, especially for beginners. Correct calculations, drawing up an accurate drawing, adherence to technology are the key to future success in construction. All the necessary recommendations are presented in this article. If you have no experience, it is better to start with a small staircase outside the house, for example, making steps to the porch.

Recommendations from experts (1 video)

Various reinforced concrete stairs (54 photos)

Calculation of the main dimensions of a straight concrete staircase

Calculation of the main dimensions of a straight concrete staircase

X – Stair length. Y – Stair height. W – Stair width. A – Landing length. If your staircase design does not include a landing, then set the length of the landing = 0.B – Thickness of the landing. Z – Additional thickness. Taken into account only in the classic type of staircase. F - Protrusion of steps. G - Thickness of steps. In the classic type of staircase, F is used as the height of the ledge.

Reinforcement of a monolithic staircase. Reinforcement is usually used only in type 1 of a monolithic staircase. However, it all depends on your project.

Installation stages and features

Accurate calculations and professional design allow you to create a reliable staircase design with your own hands. It is also very important to use high quality materials that will ensure reliability.

In this case, preliminary calculation of all design parameters, correct installation technology, quality of materials and compliance with the requirements for the staircase structure are important.

Any type of concrete stairs requires the construction of formwork. With your own hands it’s enough to simply create a primitive version of the staircase that does not have complex turns and protrusions. In other cases, it is best to entrust the complex of work to professional craftsmen. In any case, the optimal solution for creating formwork is plywood, which is 20 mm thick and water-resistant. The following items and materials will also be required for the work:

• Edged board, the thickness of which is 30 mm;
• Wood beams 100×100 mm;
• Thin plywood for patterns;
• Self-tapping screws intended for wood and having a diameter of 3.5 mm;
• Metal rods with a diameter of 15 mm for reinforcement.

The ground screed is designed so that the weight of the monolith does not exert a pressure on it exceeding 1 kg/cm². The weight of the finishing material is also taken into account; if the load exceeds the permissible standards, then it makes sense to finish it with lumber.

Labeling principle

The main properties of the material are strength (indicated by the symbol “M” and numbers 50-1000), and compression class, which is indicated by the symbol “B” and numbers 3-40. In the marking of this building material, the numbers indicate that, for example, heavy building material brand M900 can withstand a maximum load of 1 cm2 up to 900 kg.

In individual construction, grades M200-M250 are in demand; for pouring the foundations of low-rise buildings, cement grades M300-M350 are used, less often - M400.

Below is a table of concrete grades, which indicates the ratio of strength and compression class:

Types of staircases

A staircase connecting the floors of a large building is divided into flights of stairs, the number of which depends on the number of floors of the building. A flight of stairs is stair steps mounted on load-bearing beams. Landings connect two flights of stairs; this design is called a flight of stairs. The platforms can be either separate structural elements or cast together with the march.

Flights of stairs are divided into two types:

1. Monolithic is a standard design that is used in standard buildings and is a complete reinforced concrete block with steps.
2. Prefabricated reinforced concrete on bowstrings or stringers are reinforced concrete products that are used to create stairs of non-standard sizes. By design, prefabricated reinforced concrete stairs are divided into single-flight, double-flight, multi-flight, straight circular or rotary, right or left modifications (for movement clockwise or counterclockwise).

The main types of flights of stairs, depending on the organization of the installation of the span:

1. Flat marches, which are indicated on the LM marking. They are performed on a flat reinforced slab.
2. Ribbed marches with frieze steps with the designation LMF. They are mounted on reinforced concrete beams, the upper and lower steps are made with a frieze for attachment to landings. Solid reinforced concrete structure on two reinforced concrete beams.
3. Ribbed flights of stairs with one or two built-in landings are designated LMP. This monolithic design is convenient and reduces construction time during installation, but is only suitable for standard or specially designed buildings.

Marches made of reinforced concrete can also differ in decorative finishing of different categories, which also performs a protective function:

• smooth covering of structural concrete 15 mm thick using ordinary cement.
• glossy (or mosaic) polished coating with the addition of marble chips on white and colored cements;
• facing with tiled or ceramic tiles for landings.

Calculation of stairs

The staircase is one of the main attributes in the house; it not only helps you easily move between floors, but also serves as the main decorative item. In addition, the correct calculation of this structural element directly affects safety. This series of online calculators will suit any of your needs. It will help you make an accurate calculation and take into account all the details. All you have to do is print out the finished drawings.

Our online calculators with drawings are created for the common man who wants to design and build a staircase with his own hands. But this does not mean that a professional will not find anything useful in them. Compiled algorithms allow you to eliminate errors in calculations and prepare working drawings as accurately as possible for both wooden and metal stairs.

These scripts take into account and help calculate:

• straight, rotary, L- and U-shaped stairs;
• stairs of any size, made of metal, wood and concrete;
• calculate the stairs with winder steps at 90 and 180 degrees;
• all structural elements, including stringers, handrails, steps, risers.

If you have not yet decided on the choice of type, appearance and functionality, our staircase calculator to the second floor in a private house will help you do this. Winder stairs, spiral, or with a goose step are usually made due to the fact that there is simply not enough space, and a full-fledged staircase cannot be placed correctly.

If you have small children or elderly people, then it is better for you to choose a reliable and safe option for stairs with a platform. Estimate, calculate, check, estimate your labor costs, print ready-made drawings and use it all absolutely free.

Basic recommendations when calculating stairs:

• Consider the angle of inclination of the stairs that is comfortable when walking, usually 30-40°. If you increase the angle, it becomes difficult to climb, especially for older people.
• The optimal step height when walking is 15-20 centimeters. Decide on this value and you will understand the height of the riser.
• The width of the steps of the stairs is usually taken to be within 27-32 centimeters. Do not forget to take into account the features of purchased steps; they are usually factory-made and have a standard width of 30 centimeters.
• The overhang of wooden steps is no more than 5 cm, since the descent will be difficult, making the width of the step inconvenient.
• Consider the width of the marches and the distances between them, based on fire safety and convenience. Usually, a comfortable lifting range for one person needs a range of 90-120cm,

When calculating stairs online, follow these recommendations, because the quality of the calculation and its accuracy, as well as safety precautions and ease of use in the future, directly depend on this.

Peculiarities

Any ladder must have a high degree of reliability and safety. According to the owners of the house, such a structure is built to last. But, in addition to strength, the aesthetics of the structure play an important role. Monolithic concrete stairs have all of the above criteria. These are durable structures that are resistant to any impact and are superior to their wooden and metal counterparts in all respects.

There are also many ideas for the design of concrete stairs, which will allow you to realize any fantasies and requests.

Current standards

According to the current SP (set of rules), updated by the Soviet SNiP (building codes and regulations), when designing stairs, the following values ​​must be adhered to.

Although when designing stairs in private houses, strict adherence to the standards is recommended, but not mandatory, the parameters of the stairs, derived by the folk “poke method”, practically do not differ from the standards. But we can add a few recommendations.

• The optimal tilt angle is 23-37˚, the maximum value is 45˚, if it is more, there is no need to talk about convenience.
• The optimal clearance is 1.9-2 m for household members of average height; if necessary, you can bend down, but again, only when the situation is hopeless.

Calculation

There is no need to hope that a concrete staircase can be built “by eye”. Any inaccuracy will significantly reduce all the advantages of the design and make it unsafe. It is necessary to make it a rule that any construction must be carried out in accordance with generally accepted standards and in compliance with technology. Correct calculation processes play a critical role.

Main settings

First, determine the installation location of the structure. The area allocated for the lift to the upper floor will affect its dimensions

Even at the stage of creating a house project, you should pay special attention to the allocation of staircase space

The following parameters are taken into account:

• height of the stairs;
• projection of the structure onto the floor;
• opening width;
• step depth;
• riser height.

Important parameters for calculation

Steepness

To install a staircase in a domestic environment, the angle of inclination should be comfortable. They take into account the fact that both small children and elderly people will use it. The steepness of the devices for convenient movement varies between 30-45 degrees. The last parameter is critical. The optimal angle of inclination for stairs in a private house is 40 degrees.

Flight length

The length of the staircase is determined by the area allocated for its construction. It is calculated using a geometric formula - the Pythagorean theorem. To do this, it is necessary to measure parameters such as the distance from the floor to the ceiling on the second floor and the projection length of the proposed structure. These two quantities are considered the legs of a right triangle, the length of the staircase is the hypotenuse. To calculate, you need to add the squares of the resulting numbers, and then take the square root.

The calculation using the Pythagorean Theorem is simple: L=√(D²+H²)

Calculation of the number of steps

The parameters of the steps are also given special attention. First, determine the number of expected steps

In this case, the projection of the concrete product on the floor is divided by the width of the tread and the number of steps is obtained. As practice shows, the result is not an integer. Next, adjustments are made - extra centimeters are added to the first or last step.

Formulas for calculation

Width and height

The parameters of the steps determine the comfort of a person’s movement along them. The height should be such that there is no need to raise the leg too high, and the width should correspond to the size of the foot. All these points are analyzed and reflected in regulatory documents.

Stage parameters in accordance with standards

On the video: types of concrete stairs, sizes of steps and calculation of a simple flight.

CALCULATION OF STAIRS

The most important thing is to vibrate well. And most importantly, make the metal frame and reinforcement correctly.

By the way, neither the foreman nor the designer knew about this. I came across this information by accident; this mistake is made very often. Bezya, R Oleg I live here. R Oleg.

Calculation of concrete stairs

Forgive me generously. R Oleg, Here, I found it on reinforcement. Concrete for stairs, made by hand.

Additionally, you can perform concrete calculations for stairs using a calculator. It is necessary to clarify how these characteristics will affect the design, its functionality and convenience. An online calculator for calculating concrete stairs allows you to make sure that the material and its volumes correspond to the needs of the project that you have chosen as your future staircase

It is important to carry out professional installation of staircase elements and securely attach them to each other, and the staircase to the house

In order for it to dry out slowly and not slide off when vibrating. Therefore, first I made the base layer thicker, and then see. But everything must be done in one day. Garrizl Member. Here's a good link.

Formwork assembly

When the drawings are ready, the formwork is knocked down. It is made from sheets of moisture-resistant plywood and edged boards. The elements are fixed with self-tapping screws; metal corners are used as fasteners.

First, the lower part of the formwork is assembled. Plywood sheets or boards are tightly fastened, all fastenings should be located on the outside. The bottom is reinforced with supports, they are made from small cross-section bars. A flange is knocked down from the edged board and installed outside.

After this, they proceed to the installation of the riser bars, they are attached to the wall or flange on metal corners. With the help of cross bars, the structure can be given additional strength.

After completing the assembly of the formwork, concrete mortar is poured into it. To ensure that the concrete surface remains smooth, the wooden parts of the formwork panels are carefully sanded. This is not required when using plywood.

Assembling formwork for pouring concrete.

Calculation of proportions per 1 cubic meter of concrete

First, select the brand of cement. Concrete class B Cement grade M 10 more than 50 Water consumption for rigid mixtures. Table of water requirements for concrete mixture. Form for determining cone shrinkage. Drawing of a device for determining the hardness of a mixture.

It’s unlikely that any builder will be able to tell you how many components are needed to make concrete for building a house, cottage or garage, except perhaps only after many hours of calculations, and then a guarantee that there will be no excess cement, sand, crushed stone and exactly how much you need no one will give you the components. And the calculator can certainly tell you how much concrete mixture you will need to build a particular structure. And this is regardless of the scale of your construction project. Below are the proportions by volume, in kilograms, in cubic meters, in liters of cement, sand, crushed stone, water for the production of different grades of concrete, such as M, M, M, M

A device for determining the hardness of a concrete mixture. You need to get: Volume of concrete, m 3 m3 You must indicate the volume of concrete you want to get.

Calculation of concrete mixture by components

The first thing that is necessary to calculate a concrete mixture is to know the consumption of a specific brand of cement per 1 m³ of concrete. The following table presents this data:

At the next stage, the required proportion of the main components of the concrete mixture is selected.

Table. Proportions of the ratio of components (cement, sand, crushed stone):

Almost all components are considered. All that remains is to decide on water. The amount of water is usually expressed in parts of the weight of the cement. For example, if a concrete composition with 25 kg of cement content requires 12.5 liters of water, then the water-cement ratio W/C = 12.5 ⁄ 25 = 0.5.

Water/cement (W/C) values ​​for concrete mixed with gravel (if crushed stone is used instead of gravel, then 0.05 should be added to the found W/C value):

To secure the material, let’s calculate the required number of components for the M 200 concrete mixture made from M 400 grade cement:

• The first thing we know from the tables is that 1 m³ of concrete requires 255 kg of M 400 cement.
• The following table gives the ratio cement: sand: crushed stone = 1: 2.8: 4.8. 255 × 2.8 = 714 kg (required amount of sand per 1 m³ of concrete). 255 × 4.8 = 1224 kg (required amount of crushed stone per 1 m³ of concrete).
• Water-cement ratio based on the table W/C = 0.63 + 0.05 = 0.68. We multiply the mass of cement by this ratio and get the required amount of water. 255 × 0.68 = 173.4 liters of water required.

Features of the structure of heavy concrete

It is necessary to calculate the quantitative composition of concrete very accurately, as this determines its properties. For convenience, it is recommended to use an online calculator. In order to obtain high-quality and durable products with the required technical characteristics, the following features must be taken into account in the process of producing a concrete mixture:

It is imperative to use two types of fillers – small-format and large-format. Fine fillers are distributed quite close to each other, forming a dense layer. Therefore, their use increases the density of concrete, but at the same time reduces its porosity. The use of fine aggregates also ensures the water resistance of manufactured structures. Larger format aggregates (such as gravel and crushed stone) increase the strength of the final products. If they have an angular shape, this reduces shrinkage and provides very good serviceability. It is necessary to use large-format fillers with high strength, since the strength of the finished structure depends on this. Workability of concrete, its plasticity. This is a feature that is determined by the ability of a concrete mixture to completely fill the form into which it is poured. Sufficient compaction must be observed in order to obtain optimal strength. The minimum plasticity is designated P1, and the maximum - P5. If it is necessary to obtain a stable and high-quality structure, it is necessary to use highly plastic concrete solutions (P3-P5)

And for pouring open areas, during which vibration technology is used, P1 concrete is suitable. When calculating proportions, it is necessary to take into account the amount of water. You can't add more than normal

This, of course, will increase the plasticity of concrete, but all other characteristics will become much worse. Its uniformity and strength will decrease, and it will shrink significantly. Therefore, in order to increase the plasticity of concrete, the amount of water cannot be increased.

For this purpose, special components are used - plasticizers. Thanks to them, the ability of fillers to move increases. Therefore, the form will be filled well and evenly, and the structure of the concrete will be uniform. In industrial construction, plasticizers must be used, but when creating private buildings, their use can be neglected.

Features of the use of concrete of different grades

Correct selection of proportions is very important. After all, the areas of use of concrete will depend on this:

• In order for the structure to be as stable as possible, the grade of concrete must be at least M500. All serious structures should be created from it.
• Foundations and high-rise buildings, as well as slab foundations, can be made of concrete grade M250-M350.
• Foundations and walls of private houses, as well as other individual buildings can be made using M150-M200 concrete.
• Concrete with strength M50-M150 is suitable for non-critical products. It is used to create paths, road elements and other structures.

Wooden

X - length of the staircase openingY - height of the staircaseZ - width of the staircaseC - number of stepsW - thickness of the stepsF - protrusion of the stepsT - thickness of the bowstring or stringerH - show risersLR - direction of rise of the staircaseSP - position of the first step relative to the floor level of the second floor

Program capabilities.

Calculation of a convenient design of a wooden staircase on bowstrings. Determination of the required amount of materials. Exact dimensions of all parts. Detailed drawings and diagrams of all elements of the staircase. Recommendations for the convenience of the staircase.

Calculation of the comfort of a staircase is calculated using a formula based on the step length. A person’s step length is from 60 to 66 cm, on average - 63 cm. A comfortable staircase corresponds to the formula: 2 step heights, step depth = 63±3 cm.

On this page you can calculate a straight staircase on bowstrings. A straight staircase takes up little space in width, but it requires quite a lot of space in length. It is optimally suited for placement in spacious rooms of low height and is usually installed along the wall, limited to the side by railings. To avoid loss of useful space, you can place a dressing room under the stairs or arrange a small workplace (as well as a place to relax or something else - the flight of imagination is unlimited). A straight staircase consists of one row of steps - a flight and is called a single-flight staircase.

Since stairs of this type are not equipped with intermediate platforms where you can stop and rest during the climb, it is extremely important to calculate the optimal size of the steps and their height. In this case, it is necessary to achieve such parameters in which walking up the stairs would be carried out in the rhythm of a step familiar to a person

The angle of inclination of a straight staircase is also important. The absence of platforms and turns that could detain a person in case of a fall leads to the need to try to make the stairs as flat as possible (inclination angle 30°-45°, no more).

Why are our calculators better?

Close cooperation with staircase manufacturers

Highest detail in drawings and 3D models

Final report with a list of required materials

Ready-made estimate for the construction of the structure by the contractor

Operational technical support service

Positive feedback and a large number of completed projects

Possibilities

KALK.PRO is a developer of modern interactive construction calculators and cooperates directly with staircase manufacturers - all our tools meet professional requirements and are equally useful for both experienced craftsmen and novice craftsmen. Only with us you can create the most realistic and detailed design design.

When developing an algorithm for calculating concrete stairs, the data of SNiP 21-01-97 (SP 112.13330.2011) “Fire safety of buildings and structures”, SNiP 31-02-2001 (SP 55.13330.2010) “Single-apartment residential buildings”, SNiP 2.08 were taken into account .01-89 “Residential buildings”, SNiP 2.08.02-89 (SP 118.13330.2011) “Public buildings and structures”, SNiP 2.01.07-85 (SP 20.13330.2010) “Loads and impacts”, GOST 9818-2015 “Flights and landings of reinforced concrete stairs”, GOST 8717.0-84 “Reinforced concrete and concrete steps”, etc.

At the moment, we offer calculations for the following types of concrete staircase structures:

• the stairs are straight;
• spiral staircases;

Coming soon to the site:

• stairs with a platform;
• stairs with winder steps;

• double-flight staircases;
• three-flight staircases;

Maybe you will be interested in calculating a similar structure from other materials? Try our metal and wood staircase calculators.

Interface

We want private construction to be accessible to everyone and technical aspects not to be a problem for most users, so to start using the online concrete staircase calculator with drawings you do not need any special knowledge. Also, on the page of each calculator you can find detailed step-by-step instructions with visual images.

Input data

• Units . Mm, cm, m, inches, feet (automatic conversion).
• Drawing color . Color or monochrome drawing of drawings.
• Staircase option . Right-hand, left-hand.
• Stair size . Length, width of the march, height of the opening.
• Steps . Quantity, thickness.
• Risers . Install, do not install + thickness.
• Stringers . Height Width.
• Armature . Diameter, pitch.
• Fencing . Thickness, width, height of handrails, cross-section of balusters.
• Floor slab. Protrusion above the opening, thickness.
• Wall . Thickness.

Calculation results

• Basic structure . Volume of concrete.
• Armature . Quantity, length, weight.
• Steps . Quantity, length, width, height, volume.
• Risers . Quantity, length, width, volume.
• Railing . Length, volume.
• Balusters . Quantity, volume.

Additionally

• Tilt angle . Recommendations for the optimal angle of inclination of the stairs.
• Step height . Recommendations for the optimal height of steps.
• Width of the stairs . Recommendations for the optimal width of stairs.
• Tread width . Recommendations for the optimal width (depth) of the tread.
• Width of the supporting element . Recommendations for the optimal thickness of the stringer/string.

Materials

When planning to make concrete stairs on your own, you need to not only decide on the shapes and sizes of the steps, but also calculate the amount of materials needed. If the project was ordered from specialists, then a list of materials indicating the required quantity will be given in the specification.

If the concrete staircase calculation and design were carried out independently, then an online calculator will help you determine the volume of materials.

Usually, to fill stairs, a solution of grade M200 of class B15 is used. During the classic mixing of this brand of concrete, mineral additives are not used.

Proportions of concrete components:

• cement - 1 part;
• sifted sand - 2.8 parts;
• crushed stone or gravel - 3.8 parts;
• water - 0.7 parts.

Components of concrete mortar: cement, sand, crushed stone
Any concrete structure that experiences loads is reinforced with an internal steel frame. In the case of flights of stairs, as a rule, a steel reinforcing rod of a periodic profile with a diameter of 8 to 12 mm is used. The rods are connected into a single reinforcing frame by welding or tying. The reinforcement is bundled with construction wire with a diameter of 1 - 2 mm.

To reinforce the steps, hot-rolled reinforcement of periodic profiles of various diameters is used

Features and principle of calculation of the online calculator

Using the program is simple, but it is necessary to take into account the type of concrete structure, the need for finishing, and the preferred cladding material. Additional 3D visualization of the object will allow you to determine the best option for your interior. A three-dimensional model of the selected structure includes the required length and calculation of the steps of the concrete staircase

, attractive color composition.

Depending on the technical parameters of the design, materials and additional reinforcement are selected. Concrete monolithic staircase calculator online

does not take into account the determination of the necessary reinforcement of concrete steps, but this point is extremely important to guarantee safety. Coordination of all necessary details occurs when a specialist is called to the site.

Thickness of concrete cellar walls

An underground vegetable storage facility built from concrete is one of the most budget-friendly options, all other things being equal: durability and functionality.

So, if the construction of a brick cellar may require the services of a qualified mason, you can build a concrete cellar with your own hands and thereby save on expensive hired labor.

At the same time, a very important issue on which the final cost of building a structure depends is the question of the optimal thickness of the walls of the vegetable storage.

The optimal thickness of the walls of an underground cellar built in dry soil with low groundwater is 150 mm with mandatory vertical reinforcement. In this case, the walls do not experience serious mechanical loads, so the value of 150 mm is taken based on design considerations and ease of pouring.

The indicated values ​​are confirmed by practical experience in the construction and operation of domestic underground structures with dimensions from 2x2 to 4x4 meters in plan.

Pouring technology

Design and calculation

The type and size of the product, the number of flights, the number of steps, the angle of rotation of the winder staircase, etc. are determined. Based on the calculation results, the cost and duration of construction and the volume of necessary materials are determined. A drawing with dimensions must be prepared. When making calculations, the following parameters should be taken into account:

• Climbing angle. The optimal solution is 25-37°. Gentle stairs are longer than steep ones. With an inclination of 35°, the span length at a height of 3 meters is 430 cm, and at 25° this figure increases to 640 cm.
• Size of steps. Recommended indicators: height 17-21 cm, depth 27-31 cm.
• Width. A monolithic staircase can be of any width, depending on the space of the room. It is convenient if it reaches 90-150 cm.

Installation of formwork

For the bottom and sides, boards or moisture-resistant plywood 2 cm thick are used. For steps and strengthening the sides, 5x5 cm beams are used, and 10x10 cm are used to support the bottom. The form is mounted with self-tapping screws and metal corners. The contour of the marches is formed accurately and corrected so that the solution does not leak out. If necessary, additional sealing is carried out. To make the product smooth, the inside of the formwork is lined with film or coated with lubricant.

Reinforcement

The bottom of the formwork is laid out lengthwise and crosswise with steel rods. A three-dimensional structure of up to 3 layers is formed, raised above the bottom by 2-3 cm. The rods are fastened by welding. Reinforcement of concrete stairs involves the use of hot-rolled steel rods. Wire diameter 10-14 mm. If the monolithic structure will have a connection with the wall, then the iron skeleton is fastened with reinforcement previously driven into the wall. The rods are laid out at a certain distance, taking into account the length of the march and the diameter of the wire.

Pouring concrete

Monolithic stairs are cast from B25 concrete or more durable grades. The solution is prepared in a concrete mixer, since mixing a large volume by hand is difficult. The finished cement mixture is introduced into the formwork at one time. Work begins from the bottom of the form. The concrete is compacted; it is convenient to use an electric vibrator. After it sits, fill the remaining space up to the top cut of the mold. Tamping is repeated, the surface of the step is leveled. To ensure that the product hardens evenly, it is covered with plastic film. The monolith is moistened for 7-10 days.

Completion of work

The formwork opens after a week. Carefully remove the beams from the steps and edging boards. The bottom of the form is dismantled after 3-4 weeks, when the concrete strength reaches 70-90%. It takes time for concrete to gain strength. The steps are polished and the entire surface of the monolith is leveled. Decorative finishing is carried out along the already prepared stairs. The structure is covered with wood, stone, decorated with mosaics, plastered, and painted. Finishing options depend on the overall design of the room. Railings are made of wood, forging, glass.

Why is staircase reinforcement necessary?

Concrete used for the manufacture of staircase structures has increased strength. It is able to maintain structure and integrity under compression forces.

However, a concrete mass that is not reinforced with steel reinforcement gradually cracks under the influence of the following factors:

• tensile forces;
• bending loads;
• torques.

And although the main load during operation is carried by the steps, the lower plane of the flight of stairs and the supporting platform of the stairs are most susceptible to the influence of tensile loads. This is why reinforcement is necessary for concrete stairs. The structure is strengthened from individual reinforcement elements, which after assembly form the load-bearing frame of the staircase.

Reinforcement of a flight of stairs is the main stage of staircase construction

Reinforcement reinforcement allows:

• prevent the formation of cracks;
• guarantee safe operation;
• ensure the durability of the structure;
• maintain the integrity of the stairs during transportation and installation.