What are partition expanded clay concrete blocks: characteristics, sizes, prices, how to choose material

In addition to load-bearing structural walls, partition blocks are also widely used in rooms built from expanded clay concrete.
This type of product is necessary in order to divide the space between rooms, according to the project plan, as well as to equip lintels.

What is a partition expanded clay concrete block, what types of it are most in demand for walls, what are the points that make up the correct choice and installation nuances, as well as their approximate average cost in the Russian Federation, read more in the proposed article.

All about a reinforced concrete garage: the pros and cons of building from slabs and concrete blocks, size, weight, photos

Today almost every family has a car; it has become an indispensable assistant in the city and in the country.
Going for groceries or transporting seedlings by car is faster and more convenient. But upon arrival at their site, many are faced with the problem of parking a car .

By leaving a car on the street, in the morning the car owner runs the risk of finding his car in a different condition than he left it in the evening. Yes, and sheltering from bad weather and repairing your “iron horse” is often useful. Therefore, many car owners are thinking about arranging a garage in their country house.

Today, the market offers prefabricated reinforced concrete structures made of concrete blocks and panels with floors.

Alternative solutions

Structures made from metal profiles have a lot of advantages, but some are not satisfied with their weight, problems with transportation when they need to move often, and some other nuances, so alternative solutions are selected. If you have to move often or go on vacation, then you can use a shell awning.

Shell awningSource bhutanmusktravels.com

Essentially, this is the same garage, but instead of sheets of metal, it uses high-strength fabric. It does not allow precipitation, wind or sunlight to pass through. In some cases, a tarpaulin is used for this, but it is better to use polyester fabric, which must be impregnated with special compounds. In addition, such an awning can be a good option for temporary housing on vacation, at the cottage, and so on.

Reinforced concrete garage: pros and cons

The advantages of prefabricated reinforced concrete garages include:

Having bought a garage made of reinforced concrete products , it will only take a few hours to assemble it; from reinforced concrete slabs - several days. If you need to move it to a new location, there will be no difficulties with this - the garage can be easily dismantled and is ready for assembly.

reinforced concrete factories supply a huge number of wall panels with gate openings, gates, floor slabs, entrances to the inspection pit and cellar.

Such garages can be built in any configuration and size, carrying out your own design in accordance with your operating requirements.

Flaws:

In this regard, during the construction process, proper organization of transportation and storage of slabs and concrete blocks .

Reinforced concrete garage - photo:

What are the standard sizes of reinforced concrete slabs?

Let's consider the option - the components of a precast concrete garage kit are wall panels for the sides, one wall panel for the rear of the garage, two floor panels, panels for the basement, and a front panel for the gate opening.

1. A garage of size 6000-3360-2200, using M200 reinforced concrete products, will be represented by right and left wall panels from a pair of slabs of size 6000-2200/2300-140.
2. The rear part of the reinforced concrete garage is represented by a slab 3500-2200-140.
3. Extension for gate 6200-2300-140, two reinforced concrete slabs.
4. And three pieces of reinforced concrete for installing floors. Slab size 3500-2200-120.

Where is it smart to build?

The rules for the construction of objects of this class are specified in the documents: SNiP 30-02-97 and SP 30-102-99 .

The standards indicate that the design of the construction of garages on the ground and basement floors, incl. and attached ones are allowed without complying with the standards.

SNIP only regulates that outbuildings must be located one meter from the boundaries of the site and the distance between neighboring buildings with combustible floors must be at least 10 meters .

If a country house is being built, then a reinforced concrete garage built under the house has noticeable advantages:

If you choose a garage as an extension , then, of course, the main issue will be its reliability, functionality and convenience; in other words, price-quality.

With reliability, everything is clear - the stronger the garage, the better. But its construction will cost quite a significant amount. Purchase, delivery, invitation of workers. On the other hand, reliability and durability .

If you are planning to live in a country house or in a garden, then building a reinforced concrete garage is a justified decision. But to complete the documents you will still have to stand in line, which can take more than one month.

If you need a place to store garden tools, installing a small shelving will solve the problem. An inspection hole is also not required, this is an additional saving, since it will not require the cost of waterproofing.

If a dacha or garden is not a place of permanent residence, but only a personal plot with a holiday home, then this option is optimal due to its cost-effectiveness .

Factories of reinforced concrete products produce various versions of garages in size and weight, depending on the model. The weight of a reinforced concrete garage ranges between 10 and 17 tons . The kit includes a concrete floor and a gate.

Reinforced concrete garage size:

Video description

In the video, a specialist talks about the characteristics of aerated concrete blocks, or more precisely, whether this wall material is afraid of water and wind:

Gas silicate blocks

If all the previous varieties belong to the category of concrete products, then this is a completely different material that does not contain cement. Its recipe includes only sand, lime, water and gas-forming fillers. The production process is autoclave.

What can you say about the characteristics of gas silicate:

As you can see, this material absorbs moisture like a sponge. So you need to think about whether it is worth using it in the construction of a garage. Of course, if protective measures are taken, then this structure can be erected from gas silicate. Although a cinder block would be more reliable.

Construction

The important point here is the choice of location and project . If previously prefabricated garages made of reinforced concrete were built on site - the foundation was poured, reinforcement was knitted, formwork was made, concrete was poured and everything was thoroughly compacted, then the labor intensity, time and price of such a garage was quite high.

Modern technologies have become noticeably simpler. Purchasing a prefabricated structure from a precast concrete reduces costs by about half. This concrete slab garage is designed for simple assembly and comes with detailed instructions. Even the garage owners themselves can assemble it without the help of builders.

Assembly steps:

The work will require lifting mechanisms . The slabs are fastened with anchor bolts and brackets. To install the gate, you will need a welding machine. The advantage is that there is no need for finishing work inside and outside the garage.

To insulate a collapsible concrete garage, foam . This allows you to do without internal heating.

The polystyrene foam is attached with mortar to the outer walls of the garage; plastic dowels are also used to secure it.

Afterwards, a network of plaster is applied, embedded in glue, which is applied to the foam.

At the final stage, the surface is coated with putty and, if necessary, paint is applied.

Waterproofing is used for any garage foundations. It is installed at a height of 15-25 cm from ground level to prevent moisture from penetrating into the walls.

Waterproofing is divided into horizontal and vertical.

The horizontal one is made using roofing felt , glued to heated bitumen in 2 layers. It is used in garages without basements, it is done around the entire perimeter of the garage along the foundation edge (its upper edge), but above ground level (required).

If the garage has a basement, in addition to the main one, protection against capillary moisture is used. For this purpose, vertical waterproofing is used at the level of the bottom of the foundation under the external walls. It is also installed on the outer edges of the outer walls of the basement. For these purposes, the edges are leveled with cement and bitumen.

If the ground water is above the basement floor, the basement should be protected with a closed shell made continuously.

The basement floor on top of the waterproofing is made of cement or concrete.

Cellar waterproofing is made from bioresistant coatings and waterproof impregnations.

The wood is impregnated 2-3 times with heated mixtures at intervals of 24 hours. After drying, the wood can be painted. Wood can be painted with oil paints; paints with rubber are also good; they can be used to paint any surface.

An inspection pit is not recommended in a garage, since due to temperature changes, condensation occurs in it, which causes corrosion of the vehicle.

If, after all, an inspection hole is planned, it is recommended to place it outside the permanent parking of the car or make a cover to cover the hole.

Heating a precast concrete garage with central heating is quite expensive and ineffective. Electric heating is more efficient. There are many methods; nowadays there are many instruments and auxiliary devices that regulate the temperature and operating time of electrical appliances.

What devices can be used to heat a finished concrete garage:

Auxiliary devices for heating:

Foundation - the basis for the structure

1. Installation on metal skids:

• leveling the site and removing organic matter;
• two pipes (ᴓ10-15 cm) are welded along the length of the garage, having previously made cuts on one side at an angle of 45◦;
• from 2 pieces of pipe a bend is formed, like a sled;
• the ends are welded;
• the runners are covered with bitumen protection.

Installation on a strip foundation:

• a 20x40cm trench is dug around the perimeter;
• formwork is installed for its above-ground part (20x30cm);
• the place of filling is reinforced with a rod ᴓ6-7mm;
• concrete is prepared based on the M300 grade;
• the trench and formwork are poured;
• a rod (h = 30cm) is installed in the corners for an anchor connection to the metal of the garage;
• After a week, you can continue work on assembling the garage.

Installation on a monolith:

• preparing the site, filling it with sand;
• marking for formwork;
• construct formwork (30-40 cm above the ground);
• lined with polyethylene;
• The reinforcing rod is laid in 2 rows;
• the rods for the anchor connection are sealed at the corners;
• concrete is poured and leveled;
• subsequent work continues after the concrete has set.

Installation on factory concrete slabs.

Flooring and interior finishing - completion of work

How to make a floor in a metal garage with your own hands?

1. If the garage is placed on a solid foundation, there are two options for the floor: concrete and wood. If the installation was on welded runners - only wood. In any case, the wood is impregnated with a protective compound against rotting and fire.

A concrete screed with a strip foundation is made as follows:

• the compacted area is covered with sand;
• lay a layer of waterproofing;
• on it - reinforcing mesh;
• poured with concrete;
• align the fill with the beacons;
• after a week they lay the board over the laid joists;
• exit from the gate is made of the same material as the floor.

Reduced thermal insulation of metal requires not just finishing the inside of a metal garage, but the mandatory use of insulation for metal walls, ceilings and even gates.

Classic materials used:

• glass wool;
• mineral slabs;
• Styrofoam.

Preferable are those that are less flammable. New insulation materials with interesting technological characteristics include:

• penoizol - carbamide foam foamed during the polymerization process;
• astratek (the composition is similar to paint, and is applied in the same way - with a brush);
• polyurethane foam (PPU) is a super-insulator with a 60-year operational guarantee.

Insulation materials are produced in rolls and in the form of slabs. It is more convenient to lay the slabs, and additional hands will be needed to work with rolled material. You can insulate both outside and inside, but facade work will always be more expensive.

How to sheathe an iron garage - photo:

How to sheathe the inside of a metal garage?

• the insulation is placed directly on the wall, coated with special glue (in the case of a frame garage structure - in the spaces between the racks);
• fixed with dowels;
• joints are sealed with mortar;
• a waterproofing membrane is attached;
• the starting layer of plaster is laid on the mesh;
• finishing is carried out on the second layer.

Help: The ceiling and garage door are insulated using the same scheme as the walls. As finishing, you can use clapboard cladding or paint with silicate paints.

It is worth remembering that interior wall decoration using insulation will reduce the area of ​​a metal garage. Therefore, when deciding on the dimensions for the dimensions of the vehicle, you need to correctly calculate the degree of freedom for the car.

Read about how to make a cellar, inspection hole, caisson and basement in the garage.

Gates

The standard gate width is 3 meters, but for ease of use their design feature is important:

swing gates have 2 leaves that open outward, which requires sufficient space in front of the garage; swing gates with a wicket allow you to use the entrance without opening the gate wide, which is especially important in the cold season; lifting gates consist of a single piece and require effort to operate; sectional doors are installed in side and ceiling guides, the deformation of which can complicate the use of the entrance; sliding gates require free space (1/2 width) to move the door leaf; rolling gates (the most compact) are movable slats that are wound onto a drum installed on top; lifting can be carried out mechanically (manually) and automatically (electrically).

Finishing outside and inside

Flat roofs are covered with roofing felt, fiberglass or euro-slate. It is cheap, simple, easy to do and these materials protect well from water. But they become unusable after 5-10 years and have low resistance to damage.

Pitched roofs are covered with galvanized sheets, metal tiles, corrugated sheets or slate. The materials do not deteriorate for quite a long time, are durable and retain heat well, are resistant to temperature changes and are also fire resistant. Their disadvantage is their higher price and they are difficult to install.

If the garage is used in winter and heated, its roof must be insulated .

Wall finishing:

Finishing of modern prefabricated reinforced concrete garages is carried out either with cement plaster or decorating materials, such as block house, siding, artificial stone.

The ceiling is waterproofed with special compounds for this work (for example, Gidrotex-U), used to seal seams, joints and cracks. Afterwards, fiberglass tape is applied to problem areas, and a primer from a penetrating solution is applied to the entire ceiling. Next, finishing .

Three rules of work:

Based on these parameters, recommendations may be as follows: plastering surfaces, finishing with PVC, siding (metal) or panels (plastic), finishing with ceramic tiles, finishing with chipboard, OSB (boards) or lining (wood).

In conclusion:

Concrete garages are simple and reliable, they are durable and also warmer than their brick counterparts. Their disadvantage may be some uniformity and a higher price. They also have a price advantage over monolithic concrete ones. And if the financial issue is not a priority when building a car home, a garage made of concrete blocks will last you a very long time .

Source

Video description

The video shows the production of foam concrete:

Aerated concrete is produced using a completely different technology. Firstly, lime and aluminum powder are added to the concrete mortar. By interacting with each other with the participation of water, both substances enter into a chemical reaction in which hydrogen is released. So it forms bubbles inside the mixture. But a chemical reaction can only occur under pressure and with increased temperature, so aerated concrete blocks are produced in special equipment called an autoclave. High pressure is created inside, and the temperature rises due to the formation of saturated steam.

We also note that foam blocks are a material formed in special shapes with the exact dimensions of the final product. Aerated concrete products are a material with large dimensions, which are then cut to the required (standard) parameters. A string is used for this. It turns out that foam concrete has a structure with closed pores, while aerated concrete has open pores. Therefore, the water absorption of the latter is much greater than that of the former. Hence the important requirement for garages built from aerated blocks. The walls of the building must be protected; this can be plaster or any other type of cladding.

As for the density, it is almost the same for the two materials and varies in the range of 300-1200 kg/m³. But at the same time, the strength of aerated blocks is almost twice as high, because they are manufactured using the autoclave method. Although we must pay tribute to the manufacturers of foam blocks, they are already offering products whose production is established using autoclaves.

And other characteristics:

Reinforced concrete prefabricated and monolithic garages

An insulated reinforced concrete garage will be a good shelter for a car of any brand. It is more economical in construction, more reliable and durable than analogues made from other materials. It’s not difficult to build such a structure yourself, but it’s easier and faster to purchase a ready-made factory one. It can be easily repaired if the need arises.

Types and features

There are two types of garages on the market: prefabricated reinforced concrete and monolithic. The latter are more reliable, but before purchasing them be sure to take into account:

To avoid these difficulties in construction and operation, a prefabricated reinforced concrete garage is purchased. Manufacturers offer: hollow roof slabs, front gate panels, as well as elements for walls and floors. They are equipped with metal gates and brackets for assembly. If necessary, complemented with basement and middle wall panels. Thus, it is easy to choose the best option and install a garage from ready-made reinforced concrete structures with your own hands. For some, a significant benefit of this choice will be the reduction in final construction costs.

Regardless of the type, the garage, subject to technological standards and operating rules, is reliable and durable. Its other advantages include:

The main disadvantage is the relatively high cost of transporting a monolithic garage or composite parts to the installation site. Also, they require additional waterproofing of the roof and finishing, insulation of the walls, in order to avoid the formation of condensation. Some owners note poor ventilation and a typical, monotonous appearance.

Monoliths are made from cast concrete grade M300 with standard dimensions of 2.40x5.48x2.32 m, with a gate opening of 1.935x2.8 m. Wall thickness varies from 80–120 mm (the latter value corresponds to the thickness of the rib). Prefabricated elements are offered in a wide range of sizes. You can buy reinforced concrete panels for the construction of a garage for one car, 5.5–6 m long, 4 to 3.2 m wide, 2.32 or 2.6 m high. If necessary, a prefabricated structure for two cars, with dimensions 4x9 m, can be purchased Also, garages are installed in blocks - one, consisting of 12 boxes, is located on an area of ​​15x20 m.

The price of reinforced concrete modular garages depends on their size, configuration and manufacturer:

Source

Garage projects

Number of projects 43 Canopy project “Martinique-4”

To favorites

• 31.8² Total area
• 6 x 5m Construction area

from 429,300 rub. Construction time individually

Project Garage Kama 143

To favorites

• 143² Total area
• 21 x 7m Construction area

from 2,100,000 rub. Construction time individually

Project Garage "AutoHouse"

To favorites

• 28² Total area
• 4 x 8m Construction area

from 137,400 rub. Construction time 1 day

Canopy project "Martinique-1"

To favorites

• 31.8² Total area
• 6 x 5m Construction area

from 429,300 rub. Construction time individually

Trinidad Canopy Project

To favorites

• 23.1² Total area
• 3 x 7m Construction area

from RUR 311,850 Construction time individually

Project Canopy for 4 cars

To favorites

• 89.79² Total area
• 12 x 7m Construction area

from RUB 1,212,165 Construction time individually

Timber Garage Project

To favorites

• 40² Total area
• 8 x 5m Construction area

from RUR 404,596 Construction time individually

Project Garage FG-61-1-41

To favorites

• 41² Total area
• 6 x 6m Construction area

individual calculation Construction period individually

Canopy project "Martinique-2"

To favorites

• 31.8² Total area
• 6 x 5m Construction area

from 429,300 rub. Construction time individually

Canopy project "Martinique-3"

To favorites

• 31.8² Total area
• 6 x 5m Construction area

from 429,300 rub. Construction time individually

Canopy Project

To favorites

• 32² Total area
• 4 x 8m Construction area

from 432,000 rub. Construction time individually

Project Garage "Veres"

To favorites

• 30.17² Total area
• 6 x 11m Construction area

from 606,700 rub. Construction time individually

Project Garage “Owner’s Dream”

To favorites

• 26² Total area
• 6 x 4m Construction area

from 100,050 rub. Construction time 1 day

Project Garage “Swallow’s Nest 2.0”

To favorites

• 22² Total area
• 4 x 6m Building area

from 72,650 rub. Construction time 1 day

Project Garage "Autoport"

To favorites

• 36² Total area
• 6 x 6m Construction area

from RUR 166,150 Construction time 1 day

Caracas canopy project

To favorites

• 20.6² Total area
• 6 x 4m Construction area

from 278,100 rub. Construction time individually

Scarborough Canopy Project

To favorites

• 40.6² Total area
• 6 x 7m Construction area

from 548,100 rub. Construction time individually

Project Garage "Swallow's Nest"

To favorites

• 22² Total area
• 4 x 6m Building area

from RUB 73,650 Construction time 1 day

Available at the exhibition

Project Carport for two cars “Station for two”

To favorites

• 33² Total area
• 6 x 6m Construction area

from RUB 170,350 Construction time individually

Project Garage with a canopy made of Yin-Yang timber

To favorites

• 36² Total area
• 6 x 6m Construction area

from 187,100 rub. Construction time individually

View all projects

Today we will tell you in this article about such a very necessary structure as a metal garage. Let's look at the selection criteria, how to install and assemble it, and how the garage is sheathed and insulated. Once you understand the information received, you will understand what, how and why the craftsmen who were entrusted with the construction of this structure are doing and will be “in the know” when discussing the details.

Metal garage with a gable roof Source farpost.ru

How much does a reinforced concrete garage weigh?

Every car owner must ensure that his iron horse has a “home.” One possible option could be a reinforced concrete garage. This is a reliable and durable structure that will protect the car from any weather adversity. It is much more reliable than brick and iron. But previously, concrete structures had their drawbacks.

The construction of such a structure was expensive and labor-intensive, since all elements of the structure were manufactured on site. It was necessary to: pour the foundation, tie the reinforcement, set the formwork, fill everything with concrete and compact it thoroughly. And the cost of such a building was significantly higher than that of its analogues. And many simply couldn’t afford it.

Now the technology has become much simpler. Part of the structure is produced in factories and sold as prefabricated elements (based on the principle of a designer). This helped reduce costs by 50%. A concrete garage has become much more accessible and is gaining popularity among car owners. A prefabricated reinforced concrete garage is a construction kit for adult men that can be assembled without much difficulty, without the help of construction crews. The designers focused specifically on ease and simplicity of assembly.

Weight and length of sliding gates

How to calculate dimensions

• The width of the opening - for a private house and cottage, if only passenger cars are planned to pass through, this figure should be at least 3 - 4 meters.
• The length of the rollback zone of the sash with a counterweight = opening width x 1.6.
• The width of the door leaf = the width of the opening + 20 cm. The maximum length of sliding gates is 5 m; for higher values, it is rational to order sliding structures.
• Sash height = 20 cm subtracted from the height of the supporting pillars.
• Foundation depth = 20 cm is added to the soil freezing level.
• Channel length = opening width divided by 2.

With a total weight of the structure up to 300 kg, a guide beam of 70x60x3.5 mm or 70x50x3 mm is selected, from 300 to 700 kg - 90x50x3.5 mm or 95x85x5 mm, more than 700 kg - 180x170x12 mm. When purchasing a support pipe, it is necessary to take into account the weight margin - from 30 to 100%.

How to determine the weight of a standard 4-meter sliding gate

The most popular option for filling the frame is corrugated sheeting. The average weight of the material (depending on the thickness of the sheet) is 4 kg/sq. m. As a result, a sash of standard structures (for an opening 4 m wide and a sash height of 2 m) will weigh on average 336 kg + 130 kg (frame weight) = 466 kg.

If the canvas is made of sheet metal, then you need to take into account that 1 sq. m of material with a thickness of 1 mm will weigh about 8 kg, and with a thickness of 2 mm - 16 kg. Then the mass of the frame with the canvas will weigh 672 kg or 1344 kg, respectively.

Features of foundations on screw piles

Hollow metal rods can be installed on any type of soil (except rocky), regardless of the time of year and weather. For greater strength and reliability of the foundation, the cavity is filled with concrete; the formation of corrosion is provided for by treating the outer part of the pillar with bitumen or paint. The length of screw piles for sliding gates is from 2 meters (depending on the level of soil freezing), the diameter of the rod is 5.7 cm (for mesh fabric) to 7.6 (for heavier materials), the diameter of the blades is from 30 cm .

For questions regarding the purchase of goods, as well as to obtain useful information, including how much the services of our craftsmen will cost, it is recommended to call the company manager. You can place an order by calling +7-(495)-532-98-42. Or leave a request for a call back.

Construction technology

The designers of such garages provide detailed instructions that clearly indicate the sequence of actions that must be followed. Let's consider the procedure based on the reinforced concrete products garage-2. Stages:

Lifting devices will be required to install all components. Installing the gate will also require welding work. The advantage is that you no longer have to resort to welding work. The building slabs are fastened together using anchor bolts and brackets. Another advantage is that a garage of this type does not require interior or exterior finishing work. It is able to function immediately after assembly. Weather conditions will not have a detrimental effect on the strength of a reinforced concrete garage, unlike an iron one. The second requires painting to avoid metal corrosion.

But still, after a long period of time, the garage begins to wear out. The concrete will begin to crack, and particles of the reinforcing mesh will be visible in the cracks. In order to prevent the garage from further deteriorating, the fittings should be cleaned of rust (using a jet of water under pressure), coated with an anti-corrosion agent, and the cracks sealed with a special putty.

To save on heating costs, you can insulate your garage. Foam is most often used. It is attached to the outer walls of the garage using a special solution, additionally secured with plastic dowels. Afterwards, a plaster network is applied, which is embedded in the glue applied to the foam. At the end of the work, the surface is covered with putty and painted (optional).

How to build a garage from blocks with your own hands - stages of work

All types of concrete blocks are used in garage construction. The blocks have the same dimensions and differ slightly in operational properties. Despite the fact that certain types of blocks differ in the degree of hygroscopicity, all of their varieties require a protective finish. There are no fundamental differences in the technology of constructing walls from different types of blocks.

Having selected the right material for construction, study the technology, which includes the following steps:

Let us consider the features of performing these stages of work.

All types of concrete blocks are used in garage construction

Procurement of building materials, as well as preparation of tools and equipment

When preparing for construction, you should purchase building materials in a timely manner, prepare the necessary tools, as well as equipment.

The list of building materials includes:

The list of necessary equipment and tools includes:

You will also need shovels, buckets, a rubberized hammer, spatulas, a grater and other tools available in the arsenal of a home craftsman.

List of necessary equipment and tools

Design activities and calculation of the number of blocks

At the design stage, the following activities are performed:

At the preparatory stage of work, it is also necessary to obtain permission to build a garage box. It is important to decide in advance on the design of the gate and choose where you can buy it or agree on its manufacture.

It is easy to calculate the number of blocks for constructing garage walls using the following data:

To determine the number of blocks, it is necessary to perform the following calculation operations:

Using the example of a garage box with dimensions of 3.5x5 m and walls 0.2 m thick, constructed from blocks with dimensions of 60x30x20 cm, we calculate the need for building materials.

Calculations include the following operations:

It is necessary to round the resulting value and buy several more blocks.

We mark and prepare the site

It is necessary to prepare the site for construction by clearing it of vegetation, stones and debris.

Garage markings

For marking, you should use the garage project and perform the following work:

If the difference in diagonal lengths is more than 30 mm, the position of the stakes should be adjusted.

We are building a foundation for a garage

Construction technology allows you to build various foundations for a garage:

The foundation construction algorithm is as follows:

After concreting, the surface of the base should be leveled and not exposed to loads for a month.

Pouring the foundation

We lay the blocks using special glue

The blocks are laid on a waterproofed foundation. Procedure:

After erecting the box, fill in the armored belt.

Construction of garage walls

Fill the floor with concrete mortar and build an inspection hole

Pouring the floor in the garage and constructing a pit is carried out as follows:

After concreting, moisten the concrete surface to prevent cracking.

Features of roof construction

Various roof designs are used for a block garage:

If you want to build an attic or attic, it is easy to cover the garage roof with beams on which the roofing material is laid.

We install gates and carry out work on the internal structure

When installing entrance gates, pay attention to the following points:

Paint the gate to protect the metal from corrosion.

At the final stage of construction, the following work is performed:

Using various types of thermal insulation materials, it is easy to insulate garage walls at the final stage of construction.

Summarizing

A concrete garage has a number of advantages over brick and iron. It is more reliable, easier to assemble, much warmer and more durable. Of course, such designs also have their drawbacks. They are much more expensive and look the same. There are two types of such garages: prefabricated and monolithic garages. The first has a number of advantages that make it more popular than a monolithic reinforced concrete garage. It is easier to assemble and is much cheaper.

If the question is about building a “home” for your car, and the financial issue is not a priority, then you shouldn’t even think about which one is better. The answer is obvious. Reinforced concrete structures will last a long time and flawlessly.

A metal garage is a reliable structure that protects your car from bad weather and thieves. It is easy to build, it is inexpensive and, if necessary, the box can be transported to another place without disassembling it. However, moving a metal garage requires knowing its weight so you can choose the right crane and van without overpaying. Let's figure out how much a finished metal garage weighs, and what methods of calculation exist.

Why do you need to know the mass of a metal garage?

Information about the weight of a metal garage is required by owners in the following cases:

To lift and transport it, you need to know the initial weight in order to correctly order loading equipment, the rental price of which varies greatly depending on the power. The situation is complicated by the fact that most of the buildings, dismantled or welded, are made by the owners themselves, and no preliminary calculation of their mass was made. In this case, you need to calculate the weight yourself.

You need to know the weight to order a vehicle with adequate power to deliver the cargo to the place. The foundation for a building is also poured to accommodate a certain load, and if done incorrectly, the reliability of the structure will be significantly reduced. Calculating the mass in such cases is not particularly difficult, since:

Note! The standard size is considered to be a structure 3 meters wide and 6 meters long. The height of the walls is 2 meters, the total height of the structure is 2.6 meters.

Which garage blocks are best for construction?

Before starting construction of a garage, you should choose a building material for the garage box.

Various types of blocks are used to build garages

Composite blocks, which have improved performance properties and the following set of advantages, confidently compete with brick, reinforced concrete and sheet metal, traditionally used for garage construction:

• necessary margin of safety;
• light weight;
• increased volume;
• practicality;
• reasonable price.

However, blocks are manufactured by specialized enterprises from various types of raw materials using individual technology, which affects the properties of the block building material.

Different types of blocks differ in the following performance characteristics:

• the ability to maintain structure when frozen;
• level of hygroscopicity;
• thermal insulation characteristics;
• strength properties.

Using individual technology, blocks are manufactured by specialized enterprises from various types of raw materials.
Today, the following types of garage blocks are used:

1. Foam concrete composites.
2. Slag-filled blocks.
3. Aerated concrete products.
4. Gas silicate materials.
5. Blocks made of concrete and expanded clay granules.

When deciding on the possibility of using a certain type of block to build garage walls, you should carefully analyze the properties of the material. Let us consider in detail the operational characteristics of composite blocks and evaluate the possibility of their use for the construction of a garage.

Foam concrete

The production of foam concrete blocks is carried out by introducing a foaming agent, as well as fillers, into the concrete mixture, followed by pouring the mixture into molding containers. Foam concrete hardens under natural conditions. Simplified production technology allows the production of blocks in small enterprises. A special unit is used to supply the foaming component to the working mixture. After the foam concrete blocks harden, a porous structure is formed, formed by evenly distributed air bubbles.

Foam blocks have increased strength

When planning to build a garage from foam blocks, you should use foam concrete products that have the required density.

The specific gravity of the blocks varies from 0.2 to 1.2 t/m³, which affects the properties and purpose of the block material:

• blocks marked D200-D500 are used for thermal insulation purposes. The material effectively retains heat due to reduced thermal conductivity, however, it is not durable enough;
• foam concrete grade D500-D900 is used for the construction of building walls. The blocks have increased strength, which is combined with higher thermal insulation characteristics;
• blocks made of foam composite, which are marked D900-D1200, have an increased safety margin compared to other types of foam concrete products. However, as the specific gravity increases, the thermal conductivity of the material increases.

For the construction of a garage, blocks with dimensions of 0.6x0.3x0.2 m are used. The dimensions of foam concrete blocks allow the construction of garage walls of various thicknesses:

• for an unheated garage, the wall thickness will be 20 cm;
• for a comfortable temperature in a heated garage, the thickness of the masonry is 30 cm.

No special training is needed for self-construction of garage walls from foam blocks.
No special training is required for self-construction of garage walls from foam blocks. Foam block walls are impervious to the effects of aggressive liquids and retain their properties during operation. To protect the material from moisture, the foam block surface should be plastered.

Cinder blocks

Cinder blocks are an inexpensive building material. The blocks are produced by vibratory compaction of metallurgical waste mixed with sand, gravel or crushed stone filler. Portland cement is used as a binding component in the manufacture of blocks. The block production technology allows the use of brick fragments, shell rock or gravel screenings as filler. A garage made of cinder block, which has increased weight, places an increased load on the ground surface and is installed on a poured foundation.

Depending on the filler used, the specific gravity of cinder blocks reaches 2 t/m³.

Various types of slag-filled blocks are used for construction:

• hollow blocks characterized by reduced thermal conductivity. The weight of hollow products does not exceed 15 kg;
• solid cinder blocks, characterized by increased strength and increased thermal conductivity. The weight of a full-bodied product reaches 30 kg.

When planning to buy cinder blocks for the construction of garage walls, do not purchase handicraft products that are of low quality.

Various types of cinder blocks are used for construction

Aerated concrete blocks

For the manufacture of gas-filled blocks, Portland cement, purified sand, lime and a foaming agent are used. Aerated concrete is similar in structure to foam concrete blocks, however, it differs in the reduced size of the air cells. Aerated concrete blocks are easily distinguished from other block materials by their white color. The material is in demand due to the following advantages:

• correct geometry of products;
• dense structure;
• ease of processing;
• fire safety.

A garage made of aerated concrete will not crack and will last a long period of time if reinforced. To do this, lay a metal mesh or reinforcement along the entire length of the wall. Reinforcement of the following rows is carried out through three levels of masonry. When planning to build a garage out of concrete blocks, check the depth of the groundwater to select the correct foundation.

A garage made of aerated concrete will last a long period of time

Gas silicate

Gas silicate blocks are made by autoclave processing from quartz sand, Portland cement and lime. To form the cellular structure of the gas silicate mass, aluminum powder is introduced, which reacts with lime.

Gas silicate blocks are distinguished by the following set of operational properties:

• environmental cleanliness;
• fire resistance;
• vapor permeability;
• durability;
• increased strength.

Gas silicate also effectively absorbs noise and provides an increased level of thermal insulation with a reduced thickness of garage walls. Having decided to use gas silicate for the construction of garage walls, it is easy to save on the construction of the foundation. Indeed, due to the light weight of the blocks, the load on the base is significantly reduced. When building a garage from gas silicate blocks with your own hands, use special glue. It will reliably connect the blocks and prevent the formation of cold bridges.

Use special glue when building a garage from gas silicate blocks

Expanded clay concrete blocks

Expanded clay concrete blocks are an environmentally friendly building material, characterized by increased sound insulation characteristics and heat-insulating properties. Portland cement, fine sand and expanded clay granules are used to make blocks.

Thanks to the introduction of granulated expanded clay into the blocks, the material acquires the following properties:

• increased level of thermal insulation;
• ability to absorb external noise;
• reduced weight;
• high fire resistance.

In addition, expanded clay concrete blocks do not crack during sudden temperature fluctuations, are resistant to the development of microorganisms, and also have increased strength and reduced hygroscopicity. A garage made of expanded clay concrete blocks is much cheaper than a similar structure built from ceramic bricks. A garage made of expanded clay concrete should be reliably moisture-proofed. Plastering, as well as finishing from the inside, protects expanded clay blocks from waterlogging. Drawings for the construction of an expanded clay concrete garage are not needed; it is enough to determine the size of the building.

Expanded clay concrete blocks have increased strength

How to calculate weight yourself

Calculation of the final mass of a metal garage, the dimensions of which are 3x6 meters, is carried out according to the following algorithm:

Now it is necessary to determine the thickness of the metal with which the frame was lined. Most structures are made from sheets of metal, the thickness of which is 4 millimeters. One square meter of such cladding weighs 31.4 kilograms. Now we can calculate the total weight of the material used to cover the frame: 31.5 x 105 = 3,292 kilograms.

The frame of the structure, together with the gate, weighs about 1 ton. We add up the resulting numbers and get a final value of 4.3 tons. The values ​​may vary up or down, depending on the thickness of the gate leaves and the material from which the frame was made.

Calculation formulas

m=?*(ds)*s*?/1000 , where

m=theoretical mass of one linear meter of pipe in kg, ?=3.14 (constant value), d=outer diameter in mm, s=wall thickness in mm, n=1000/m, ?=density in g/cm3

n=1000/m

m=theoretical weight of one sheet in kg, V=Sheet volume=thickness (mm)*, width (mm)*, length (mm), ?=density in g/cm3

m=x*d2*?/4000 , where

m=theoretical mass of 1 p/m of circle in kg,

x=3.14 (constant value),

d=outer diameter in mm,

p=density in g/cm3,

Density is taken in g/cubic meter. cm:

Formula for calculating the weight of 1 p/m of pipe. When you need to quickly find out how much a linear meter of a carbon steel pipe weighs, but there is no reference table, use this formula - Mn = ((Dn - Tc) / 40.5) * Tc Dn - pipe diameter (mm), Tc - wall thickness ( mm), MP - weight of 1 p/m of pipe in kg.

Where would it be reasonable to put it?

On a private plot outside the city, you can easily install such a garage without unnecessary complications. But this will be justified if you live in the country for a long time.

In this case, a prefabricated metal garage or even a very modestly priced tent garage would be more suitable.

The things you store in the garage will always be within easy reach. In fact, in addition to the car, you will place a utility unit directly in the house.

How much does each block cost?

The price component is an important selection criterion. Therefore, the question of which is the best block for building a garage at a price concerns many who are planning to start building this building.

Manufacturers offer a fairly wide range of wall blocks in terms of their sizes. To compare prices, we will consider a traditional block with parameters 20x20x40 cm.

It should be noted that the price in each group varies greatly. Because blocks are made from different concrete solutions. This refers to the brand of material. And the higher it is, the more expensive the final product. It would be correct to say that factory-made products, and even more so those produced using the autoclave method, are many times more expensive than handicraft materials.

Here you can also add inaccuracy in dimensions and unevenness of the edges of blocks made on construction sites or in small workshops. And, as practice shows, the quality of such products is not the highest.

So, now, having sorted out all the pros and cons, we can dot all the i's in the topic of our article, namely: what are the best blocks to buy for building a garage. The ideal option is cinder blocks. They correspond to the strength of low-rise construction, their price is the lowest, these are products with a fairly smooth surface that does not need to be finished, although, as mentioned above, the market offers blocks with decorative designs or painted throughout the entire body of the stone. In terms of thermal insulation characteristics, this material is inferior to its cellular materials or those filled with expanded clay, but for garages this is not the most important selection criterion.

trowel for plastering walls

The cinder block has one more characteristic, which is inferior to products with a cellular structure. This is the specific gravity. That is, it is larger, which means that a high-strength foundation will have to be built under the cinder blocks. And this increases the budget allocated for the construction of the garage. But even this does not stop private developers from using cinder blocks as the main material in low-rise construction.

Construction technology

According to the instructions, you need to assemble all the panels, securing them using the supplied components, these are brackets made of very durable metal, bolts, nuts, etc.

Before starting work, be sure to make sure that the manufacturer has packaged everything and sent it to you according to all items on the list attached to the product. Precast concrete garages are usually equipped with metal gates .

Foundation, pit/cellar construction

Since reinforced concrete structures tend to accumulate condensation, it is not worth making a cellar , as this will increase the already excessive humidity in the room.

Roof

A lightweight single slab with voids in the body is used as a roof.
You can sheathe and insulate it if you plan to have a heated garage. Otherwise, the lining makes no sense. You can make a metal pitched roof superstructure to reduce the retention of precipitation on the surface, which increases condensation in the room.

Panel assembly

If a basement is provided, then a queue is arranged first, at the very first stage.

Waterproofing

The floor and walls are completely waterproofed along the contour in the form of a strip of about 30 cm, starting from the very bottom of the walls. Waterproofing is applied by pouring concrete on the floor .

It is equally important to waterproof the ceiling using Hydrotex-U. Fiberglass is applied to more vulnerable areas and where the seams of the structure lie; it is sold in the form of tape and glued to a special compound.

Insulation

Foam sheets are the most common insulation for reinforced concrete buildings..

Watch the video about insulating a garage with foam sheets:

A flat roof is finished on the outside with roofing felt material , or in the case of a pitched roof, ondulin or corrugated sheeting is used.

If desired, the roof can be insulated from the inside in the same way as the walls.

Heating

Instructions for constructing a shell garage

A shell garage is often made in the form of a pencil case - this design is more familiar and convenient. The slope of the roof is created using the difference in the height of the vertical posts. The slope can be made in any direction of the building.

To make a pencil case shell, you need to divide it into 7 parts: a back wall, two side walls, each of which consists of two sections, and a gate of two doors.

Back wall

This part of the structure, with standard garage dimensions, has dimensions of 2.2x3 m. You will need to prepare 2 sections of a profile with a section of 50x50 mm according to these dimensions. You will also need 1 cross member 2.9 m long, which is welded for additional rigidity and will be used to fasten foam plastic and profiled sheets. The internal dimensions of this part are 2.2x2.9 m. All parts must be welded on a flat surface, constantly checking the angles (should be 90 degrees) and the skew of the product with a level. The crossbar is installed at a distance of 1.1 m from the top of the frame.

Side walls

The side walls of the garage are made of 2 parts. For the first section you will need a 50x50 mm profile:

1. Bottom crossbar l = 3.0 meters;
2. Top crossbar l = 3.01 meters;
3. A vertical stand, when assembling the garage, it is connected to the rear wall by welding h = 2.2 meters;
4. The stand that is welded to the second section is h = 2.3 meters.

When you have welded the entire profile, you will need to weld a spacer in the middle to increase the rigidity of the side wall l = 2.9 meters.

The second part of the side walls is also assembled from profile sections with dimensions:

1. The vertical part, which is welded to the first section, l = 2.3 meters;
2. The outermost post, to which the gate leaves will be further attached l = 2.5 meters;
3. Bottom crossbar l =3.0 meters;
4. Top crossbar l =3.1 meters.

When the frame is assembled, a cross member 2.9 m long is welded into it. It is fastened at points calculated by dividing the length of the racks in half. These 2 sections will be connected using bolts - you must immediately prepare holes for them. The second wall of the garage is also prepared.

Additional mounts

To strengthen the shell garage frame, you need to install reinforcing bars at the top and bottom. The floor surface is strengthened at 3 points, and the top at 4 places. They are prepared in advance, the parts are cut out of sheet metal 5 mm thick, the width of the plates is 50x100 mm. It is necessary to make 14 such blanks, of which 10 are drilled with 2 holes, retreating 1-1.5 cm from the edge. These parts are welded in the center of the crossbars so that the drilled holes are on both sides of the crossbar.

They make 4 more plates a little differently - they retreat 1.5 cm from the edge of the plate and make a hole, after which they retreat another 1.5 cm from the prepared hole and drill another one. These plates are already welded on the edge of the cross member, thus forming products in the shape of the letter “G”. The holes will be on one side.

Before making the gate, the roof of the garage is created. Work must be done from below the roof. The profiled sheet must be laid so that it protrudes beyond the edge of the eaves by at least 40 mm, forming an overhang.

Garage doors

The same materials used for the walls are used for the gates. Additionally, you need to prepare durable canopies.

• Weld 2 rectangles from a profile with a section of 50x50 mm. Their dimensions must correspond to ½ of the front wall;
• Strengthen the resulting rectangles with jumpers;
• The areas where the canopies will be welded need to be made stronger by welding strips from the profile;
• If you will be using a padlock, you will need to prepare the hinges. When using a built-in lock, you will also need to strengthen the area where it will be installed;
• The prepared frame is sheathed with profiled sheets.

• Mark the goalposts and mark the points where the awnings will be welded;
• According to the markings, temporarily weld the canopies;
• Align the gate leaves relative to the surface of the walls, weld them securely to the canopies and weld the canopies on the gate posts.

You can use factory-made overhead doors for your shell garage, which will save time and space.