Calculator for calculating masonry mortar for bricks

Classification of solutions

Basically, masonry mortars are divided according to the type of binder. To do this, either lime or cement is added to the mixture. But in this case there are four types of solutions:

1. Lime.
2. Cement.
3. Lime-cement.
4. Clay.

Let’s give several characteristics to each type, indicating their pros and cons accordingly:

• Cement mortar is the most commonly used in brickwork. It has increased strength and low moisture permeability. Today it is used in the construction of buildings and structures of various heights and complexity. It is cement mortar that is used in the construction of brick or block foundations.
• Lime. It has high plasticity and good thermal insulation properties. It has low shrinkage and low specific gravity. It is very convenient to work with such a solution. But it is recommended to use it in low-rise construction, because the mixture will not withstand heavy loads.

Lime mortar for masonrySource kamtehnopark.ru

• Cement-lime. This solution has all the characteristics of the two previous varieties. There are no restrictions on use in construction.
• Clay. It is rarely used in construction today, although it has a number of worthy advantages. For example, high plasticity and frost resistance. The only thing that discourages builders from using it is the complexity of the batch associated with the preparatory work. To do this, the clay must be sifted and cleared of debris, plus crushed to the required state.

We will discuss below how to prepare mortar for bricklaying with different binders. Now let's continue to look at the classification.

The next point of division is the complexity of preparation. There are two types:

1. Simple. Essentially, it is a mixture of one binder and sand. That is, it can be a cement-sand or lime-sand mixture.
2. Complex ones, where two binding components are involved at once. That is, it is a cement-lime mortar.

Another position is on functional and technological properties. There are three types:

• fatty solutions;
• normal;
• skinny.

Preparation of masonry mortarSource promtech33.ru

They differ from each other only in the amount of binder added. The more of the latter, the “fatter” the solution. It is this material that has increased strength, but at the same time it has the highest shrinkage, which leads to cracking of the applied mass after hardening. It is clear that the skinny version has low strength and ductility. It belongs to budget options. It is better not to use both the first and second in private housing construction. Therefore, it is recommended to mix normal solutions.

And the last position of the classification is by specific gravity. There are two types:

• heavy – weighing more than 1500 kg/m³;
• light – up to 1500 kg/m³.

Clay mortar for bricklaying Source 2proraba.com

General information

Brands of masonry mixtures

Compositions for laying bricks act as an indispensable component in the field of construction. Typically, they are classified into cement-lime, cement and lime. Such compositions differ from each other in terms of strength, since it differs for all brands. The solution contains cement and lime, and such a solution makes it possible to rid the surface of roughness.

Moreover, the pressure between bricks and stones is distributed evenly. This mixture for laying bricks is usually used to fill joints when building elements do not fit together. In the future, it is possible to achieve durability of the structure and moisture resistance. Most often, this solution is used for low-rise construction, and its preparation is carried out directly on the site.

Types, technical characteristics and scope of application

Ideally, they can be used for different types of bricks in the construction of residential buildings or for other types of buildings. Dry mixtures for laying bricks can be divided into several types:

1. For laying ordinary bricks during construction, crumbly mixtures for the masonry process based on cement with the addition of sand are best suited. There are also all kinds of additional additives for lime, which can significantly increase the storage time of the solution, and also improve its performance properties, but at the same time they are not resistant to moisture.
2. For laying bricks for finishing, it is best to use mixed types of compositions based on high-quality Portland cement, with admixtures of various types of modifiers, which can provide the plasticity required for the solution, as well as thermal conductivity and protection from moisture.
3. At the moment, the most popular version of the mixture for masonry is M150, and it has gained its popularity due to its excellent performance properties, low water absorption, high resistance to sudden temperature changes (from negative to positive), and also excellent thermal insulation qualities. Masonry brick mixtures can be multi-colored, and it helps to fully implement all decisions and design ideas. Its use makes it possible to harmoniously combine the shades of bricks, as well as the seams between them. In order to make such a mixture with your own hands at home, you should mix everything and add snow-white cement to obtain a light tone, and gray for a dark shade. It turns out that a white masonry mixture for bricks will be obtained by mixing white cement and water.
4. Specialized mixtures are best used to build large structures and individual elements.

What compounds are used

The most famous and popular mixtures:

1. Traditional universal building composition of sand and Portland cement. The standard ratio of components is three to one or four to one;
2. A working mixture of sand and quicklime. Applicable only for interior masonry work;
3. Mixed composition for brickwork. These are quartz sand, cement and slaked lime;
4. Cement mixtures with plasticizer additives.

General standards according to SNiP II-22–81: sand must be washed and sifted, milk of lime must be strained, cement must be fresh and without lumps. All compositions are mixed with clean technical water. Water is added to the dry mixed ingredients in portions until the required consistency is achieved.

Cost of solution per cubic meter of partition

The solution consumption rates per 1 m3 are affected by the following process parameters:

1. Base thickness and quality of brick blocks;
2. A type of brick - it can be solid or hollow;
3. Climatic conditions - air temperature and humidity, sunny or cloudy day.

Practice shows that for a 1m2 building made of ordinary brick, 75 liters must be prepared. A structure of one and a half bricks will require the preparation of 115 liters of working mixture, a base of half a brick will take 40 liters of cement composition per 1 m2. To get the exact quantity, use the Brick Consumption Calculator.

According to SNiP 82-02-95, which show that the mortar consumption rates per 1 m3 of brickwork are as follows:

1. 0.19 cubic meters for half-brick masonry;
2. 0.22 cubic meters for laying one brick;
3. 0.235 cubic meters for masonry in one and a half blocks;
4. 0.24 cubic meters for laying two bricks;
5. 0.25 cubic meters for masonry in two and a half blocks.

More accurate and expanded data is contained in SNiP II-22–81.

Wall mortar - how much is needed per 1 m2

How to find out the consumption of mortar per 1 m2 of brickwork? To avoid doing the calculations, there is a table of all the components included.

It takes into account the consumption of mortar for laying bricks from different materials:

Consumption rates for building mixtures for different types of building blocks

About 0.0108 m3 of composition is consumed per unit, and 0.054 m3 of mixture will be needed to cover 50% of the seam. The arithmetic mean of these two values ​​is 0.08 m3. This value determines the consumption of mortar per 1 m2 of brickwork.

For different masonry this parameter will be equal to:

1. When erecting a half-brick partition - 0.04 m3;
2. Private - 0.82 m3;
3. One and a half - 0.125 m3;
4. Double - 0.164 m3.

The table shows the mortar consumption rates for brickwork made from blocks of different sizes for partitions of different thicknesses:

In this case, the solution consumption per 1 m3 will be equal to:

1. When working in half a brick for 53 building units - 0.19 m3;
2. For single masonry for 102 blocks - 0.22 m3;
3. One and a half for 153 units - 0.23 m3;
4. Double for 204 blocks - 0.24 m3.

Brick costs for 1m3 of wall

Cost calculations are based on block cost standards plus solution consumption per 1 m3 for products of different sizes.

To calculate the volume of the base, you should multiply the width, length and height of the structure, minus windows, doors and other voids: V = a ∙ b∙ c, where a is length, b is width, c is height. The easiest way is to use the Brick Consumption Calculator.

How many building products will be needed and what will be the solution consumption per 1 m3 of a solid partition - approximate data are given in the table below:

For building block sizes:

1. Single: 250 mm x 120 mm x 65 mm;
2. One and a half: 250 mm x 120 mm * 88 mm;
3. Double: 250 mm x 120 mm x 138 mm.

How to calculate the number of units for a plinth?

Having previously calculated the volume of the entire wall, it will be easier to calculate the number of block products per plinth, as well as the consumption of concrete for pouring.

Operating principle: the volume of the base is determined, and the result is divided by the volume of one ordinary product. The result will be the number of blocks needed to build the basement wall.

In the same way, you can calculate the facing base. To avoid mistakes, it is better to use the Brick Consumption Calculator.

How to calculate wall masonry using a calculator?

Methods of bricklaying Brick is the most popular and widespread building material, it lasts a long time and pleases with its neat appearance. Today there are several types of bricks for the construction of buildings:

• brick made of clay and other fillers is called adobe;
• ceramic, the most used, made of baked clay;
• silicate, made from sand and lime;
• with the addition of cement - hyper-pressed;
• clinker, from a special composition;
• refractory.

Such materials are used both for masonry of the house and for the construction of additional finishing in the future, creating a facade, interior structures. Fireclay bricks can withstand high temperatures as well as various heating and cooling cycles without losing strength.

Bricks can be hollow or porous; the most common standard size of this product is 250×120×65 mm; with preliminary calculations of brick consumption, brick sizes increase by 10 mm for each parameter.

Information on the purpose of the calculator

The online brick calculator is designed to calculate the amount of building and facing bricks for a house and basement, as well as related parameters and materials, such as the amount of masonry mortar, masonry mesh and flexible connections. Also, the calculations can take into account the dimensions of gables, window and door openings of the required number and size.

When filling out the data, pay attention to the additional information with the Additional information sign

For a long time, brick has been the most popular, widespread and familiar building material for the construction of long-term and reliable structures. This situation persists for a number of reasons, despite the emergence of new, modern and cheaper building materials. There are several most common types of bricks for any construction needs:

• Adobe - made of clay and various fillers
• Ceramic - (most common) made from baked clay
• Silicate - made of sand and lime
• Hyper-pressed - from lime and cement
• Clinker - made from special baked clay
• Fireproof – (fireclay) made from fireclay

Ceramic brick

(clay) are divided according to purpose into façade, ordinary and clinker. Ordinary brick (backfill) may not have an ideal geometry and in most cases is used for laying rough walls of houses, plinths, garages, which are subsequently plastered, painted and protected with facing materials and coatings. Its color has various shades of red.

Facing

(facade) are used for the construction of walls without any additional finishing in the future. There are also various special types of facade bricks that can withstand high mechanical loads and adverse atmospheric influences, and are usually used for paving paths, building all kinds of retaining fences, stairs, and walls.

Clinker

It has an ideal smooth surface, various shades of red and black colors and is highly dense.

Silicate

is a light-colored lime-silicon artificial stone. Sand-lime brick differs from ceramic brick in that it is not fired during the manufacturing process. It is quite hygroscopic, and accordingly is not used for the construction of objects that will be operated in humid environments, such as the basement and basements.

Also, sand-lime brick is not used in the construction of furnaces, pipes, chimneys and foundations, since it can withstand external destructive loads quite poorly.

Refractory

is divided into several types and is used for the construction of structures exposed to high temperatures, such as stoves, fireplaces, chimneys and smelters. The most common is fireclay brick, it has a yellowish tint, made from special fireclay (chamotte) and, unlike ordinary clay brick, can easily withstand high temperatures (up to 1400 degrees), as well as numerous heating and cooling cycles without loss of strength.

Bricks are solid (volume of voids no more than 25%), hollow and porous-hollow. It is believed that depressions and voids in the material not only reduce weight, but also significantly increase the overall strength of the masonry by increasing the contact area between the brick and the mortar.

The most common standard brick size: 250 – 120 – 65 mm (length – width – height), the so-called first “normal form” (1NF).

When calculating the amount of brick required for work, they usually use a rule called “format”, in which the dimensions of the brick itself are increased by 10 mm (this is the standard joint thickness), that is, it turns out: 260x130x75 mm.

The following is a complete list of calculations performed with a brief description of each item. If you haven't found the answer to your question, you can contact us via feedback.

General information on the calculation results

Amount of cement - The total estimated amount of cement required for the entire mortar.

Amount of water - The total estimated amount of water required for the entire volume

Attention! The final amount of water is selected experimentally, depending on the moisture content of the sand.

Amount of aggregates – The total amount of sand (aggregate) for the entire volume in kilograms.

Solution Density – The density of the solution in its wet state.

W/C – Water-cement ratio.

Proportions – The relative ratio of the components of a solution. C – part of cement; P – part of the sand; B is part of the water.

Cost – Cost of each material and total for the entire volume

Cement consumption

After calculating the required amount of the mixture, it remains to find out how much and what brand of cement should be purchased. At the same time, it is always better to buy cement “with a reserve” - in case of unexpected consumption or a large error in the calculations.

If a total of 20.0 m3 of mixture is required, and the proportion of the solution is 1:3, then the resulting value must be divided by 4. The result is 5.0 m3 of cement. However, cement is not measured in cubic meters; you will have to convert it to kilograms. To do this, you need to know the density of the hardener, which can vary greatly between brands. The average value is approximately 1300 kg/m3. Taking into account the knowledge of this indicator, it remains to make simple calculations: multiply the density by the volume. Thus, you get 5.0 * 1300 = 6500 kg, or about 130 bags, taking into account that the weight of each bag is 50 kg.

How to calculate the consumption of masonry mixture for bricks

The amount of masonry mixture depends on several factors:

• on the composition of the product;
• brick quality and size;
• purpose of the wall (load-bearing structures are made using compounds of a higher grade than interior ones);
• masonry format;
• wall thickness (the thicker the structure, the greater the mixture consumption).

To calculate the consumption rate of the masonry mixture, you must first decide on the type of brick that will be used to build the intended structure. Since, according to the standards, for the construction of a square meter of a wall made of a single brick, 0.25 m3 of ready-made mortar is required, and for masonry made of one and a half bricks - already 0.20 m3. Accordingly, if the solution is prepared for fastening building materials, then the consumption per 1 m2 will be only 0.05 m3. When calculating, it should also be taken into account that more mortar is required to secure the slotted brick.

Photo 4. There are a large number of varieties of bricks for construction; based on the size and volume of the structure, the consumption of the masonry mixture is calculated

Calculation of the consumption of dry mixtures is carried out in the following sequence:

• determine how many bags of a specific type of ready-made mortar are needed to prepare one cubic meter of masonry mortar;
• calculate the area of ​​the structure being erected by multiplying the length of the wall by its width;
• calculate the volume of the proposed structure, for which you need to multiply its area by its thickness. If the wall is one brick, its thickness will be 25 cm, half a brick - 12.5 cm. For example, we give the calculation for a wall of 1 brick made of single solid products with an area of ​​12 m2: 0.25 x 12 = 3 m3;
• According to standards, one cubic meter of brickwork requires 0.25 m3 of mortar. We calculate how much fixing composition is required for our wall of 12 square meters of single solid brick: 3 x 0.25 = 0.75 m3. Should be considered. That this result is only approximate, since it directly depends on the experience of the master;
• Knowing the approximate need for the finished solution and its volume obtained from one bag of dry mixture, you can easily calculate the amount required for the construction of a given wall.

Calculation of bricks per 1 m2

The system for calculating the number of brick elements per 1 m2 conventionally takes the thickness of the masonry as one, i.e. laying Lego bricks or other types in only one row. For example, laying decorative bricks can only be done this way.

At the same time, the methods of laying bricks in a row can be different:

1. When arranging elements in a row facing each other, i.e. the smallest end plane, the number of pieces along the width of the wall will be minimal (half-brick masonry);
2. If you lay the elements on the pastel side by side with a spoon, then the cost of the number of pieces will be greater, but the quality of the placement will be more reliable.

Having counted the number of pieces horizontally and vertically in 1 meter, you should multiply the resulting values ​​and round to the nearest hundred (since brick building materials are sold only in hundreds). This will be the required number of elements per 1 m2.

Types of bricks for construction

First of all, bricks are divided into two large groups depending on the material of manufacture:

• ceramic;
• silicate.

Red ceramic brick is based on high-quality clay with a minimal amount of impurities. After molding, it is fired in ovens at temperatures from 1000 to 1300 degrees.

Sand-lime brick consists of quartz sand and lime. After pressing, it is exposed to water vapor at a temperature of 170-200 degrees and a pressure of 8-12 atmospheres. Also, various impurities are often added to it, for example, titanium dioxide allows you to maintain the snow-white color of the product for decades.

It is also important for us to know what they can be depending on the content:

• full-bodied;
• hollow.

From the name it becomes obvious that solid brick does not have cavities. It is the most durable and is used for the construction of load-bearing walls. The void ratio is extremely small, for ceramic brick it is 5%, for silicate brick – 12%.

Hollow bricks contain two or more holes inside, which are used to retain heat and increase sound insulation. The void ratio can reach 40%. They are used to create partition walls or as cladding.

The last characteristic we are interested in is the size of the brick. According to GOST 530-2012, ceramic bricks are divided into nine different standard sizes (SF), and silicate bricks according to GOST 379-2015 are divided into five. Only three of them are particularly popular in Russia:

• single (1 NF) 250x120x65 mm;
• one and a half (1.4 NF) 250x120x88 mm;
• double (2.1 NF) 250x120x140 mm.

Two more types of blocks are also widely used:

• euro (0.7 NF) 250x85x65 mm;
• modular (1.3 NF) 288x138x65 mm.

What size blocks to use during construction is up to everyone to decide for themselves. There are no structural differences; the house will be equally strong if it consists of both double and single bricks. The aesthetic component is fundamental; most people prefer the classic single brick.

The only objective point that is really worth paying attention to is the construction time and the price of materials. As a rule, one-and-a-half and double bricks are cheaper, and the amount of cement mortar required for installation is also reduced.

And due to the larger size of the blocks, less time is required to construct the structure.

Other types of mixtures

When mixing is carried out with the addition of additional substances (clay, limestone, marble, synthesized additives), for 1 part of cement it is necessary to take from 5 to 9 parts of sand. Concrete is made by spending a maximum of 5 quintals of binder to obtain 1 cubic meter. m. ready mixture. The relevant standards are prescribed by the state standard, however, builders can deviate from the regulatory requirements if they need to achieve a certain level of viscosity, make the solution more liquid, or speed up or delay hardening. When working, use buckets and troughs (these are the most suitable containers), a hammer drill with mixing attachments, and shovels for distributing portions.

The mixing is carried out initially on the basis of dry masses. Then water is added systematically and slowly. It is imperative to ensure that the masonry mortar becomes outwardly homogeneous throughout its entire thickness and does not spread too actively. The strength of the concrete and the service life of the brick walls depend on the quality of the mixture.

Sand-cement mortar is characterized by high strength. However, if you deviate a little from the standard technology, cracks may appear. In a mixed version, slaked lime (otherwise called milk of lime) is added to cement and sand.

There is also a type with plasticizing additives, when in addition to cement and a 0.2 cm sand fraction, polymers are used to make the solution more flexible. There is no need to worry about preparing such solutions: it is better to buy ready-made dry kits and dilute them with water as instructed.

Mortar for brickwork

Mortar for joining masonry is needed in any case. The most popular compositions are:

• Cement-sand mortar. This is a classic, cement is mixed with pre-sifted sand, usually in a ratio of 1:3 or 1:4, although there are other options depending on the brand of cement. The mixture is diluted with water;
• Lime. Quicklime is used instead of cement. This composition is never used for external masonry, only indoors, as it is easily washed out with water;
• Mixed. Liquid slaked lime, which is commonly called milk of lime, is added to cement and sand. The result is a composition that takes the best qualities of the first two options;
• With the addition of a plasticizer. It will increase the plasticity of the mixture. Often such building compositions are sold ready-made, in dry form and simply diluted with water, according to the instructions. Sometimes masons add detergent or washing powder as a plasticizer.

Despite the fact that the composition of the masonry mortar may be different, the requirements for its consistency are the same. The sand must be sifted, the liquid lime is filtered, there should be no lumps, water is added gradually. The mixing process will significantly speed up the use of a concrete mixer.

The following factors influence the amount of solution consumption:

• Wall thickness;
• Brick quality;
• Type of brick - hollow brick will require more mortar for obvious reasons;
• Masonry skill;
• Weather conditions, in particular humidity and temperature.

How difficult, you say. However, experts have long derived average, but fairly accurate indicators of mortar consumption per 1 m3 of brickwork. The standard brick dimensions are well known - 250x120x65 mm. The expense will be:

There are approximately 404–405 bricks in 1 m3 of masonry. That is, for one ordinary, single brick there is about 0.00063 m3 of mortar. Convert to liters - 0.63. When laying one brick, there are approximately 100 blocks per square meter of wall. Experts insist that the solution must be prepared with a small reserve and indicate the ideal proportion - 75 liters of the mixture should be used per square meter of wall. For a wall of one and a half bricks, the consumption will be already 115 liters.

Important! There is SNiP II-22–81, which sets requirements for the quality of brickwork. The optimal thickness of the seam, that is, the thickness of the mortar used, should be 10–12 mm

All this is great, thanks to the specialists with solid experience in brick construction, you can say. But cement is sold in 50 kg bags, so additional calculations need to be made.

As you remember from the school curriculum, 1 m3 = 1000 liters. The volume of a 50-kilogram bag of cement will depend on the density of the material. Let's take the standard value of 1300 kg/m3. 1300/1000 = 1.3 kg weighs a liter of cement.

Let's say you make a classic mixture of M400 or M500 cement with sand in a ratio of 1:3. In this case, per cubic meter of sand you will need 333 liters of cement, multiply by 1.3 = 432.9 kg, almost 9 bags.

As we remember from the table, to lay a wall of one and a half silicate bricks you need 0.24 m3 of mortar. 432.9*0.24 = 103.9 kg of cement or a little more than two standard bags per 1 m3 of masonry.

Now let’s calculate how many bags of cement we need to build a one-story house 3.5 m high, 10x15 m in size and with a wall thickness of two single bricks, that is, 51 cm. Let’s remember the math. Volume = (10+10+15+15)*3.5*0.51 = 89.25 m3. Again, we take a single sand-lime brick, which, according to our table, takes 0.24 m3 for a wall thickness of 51 cm. 89.25*0.24 = 21.42 m3 or 21420 l.

This is exactly how much ready-made mortar is required to build a house. Our standard mixture ratio is 1:3. So you will need 21.42/3 = 7.14 m3 or 7140 liters of cement, multiply by 1.3 = 9282 kg. That is 186 50-kilogram bags. Quite a lot. You can save money by using M500 cement in a 1:4 ratio with sand. Then you get 116 bags.

The calculations are not too complicated if you use standard consumption indicators and remember the math. Experts advise taking materials with at least a 5% reserve, because during the construction process unforeseen difficulties may arise and consumption will increase. Published by econet.ru

If you have any questions on this topic, ask them to the experts and readers of our project here.

PS And remember, just by changing your consumption, we are changing the world together! econet

Calculation of the amount of building material

When calculating, two methods are often used. In one, calculations are carried out taking into account the mortar joint, and in the second they are not taken into account. Typically its thickness ranges from 5 to 10 mm.

It is important to know! If the second method is used in the calculation, there is a chance of obtaining an excess of building materials, approximately 30%. The first method is more economical, but it also has its pitfalls. 10-15% should be added to the resulting amount of material. These percentages take into account possible brick breakage during construction.

For better understanding, let's look at an example.

It is necessary to build a one-story brick house with the following dimensions:

• Length – 12 m;
• Width – 10 m;
• Height – 4 m.

The calculation is carried out only taking into account external walls. They have one door (1x2 m) and three window (1.2x1.5 m) openings.

Brick type: regular single.

Laying method: two bricks.

Mortar joint: 7 mm.

So, calculating the amount of building materials for the construction of the specified house using the first method should look like this:

First you need to determine the perimeter of the external walls (1). Then you can calculate their area (2). Next you need to calculate the area of ​​the openings (3). Now you can calculate the area of ​​the masonry itself (4). The next step will be to determine the amount of building material per 1. To do this, you need to calculate the area of ​​the frontal surface of the brick (5) and divide the resulting value by 1 (6), and then multiply by 2, since in our case the laying is carried out in two bricks (7). Total: 256 bricks per 1.

Result: to build the walls of a house according to the above parameters, you will need 31,898 bricks.

To calculate the amount of building material using another method, you need to add the thickness of the seam to the size of the brick, in our case it is 7 mm (9). From this it turns out that the number of bricks per 1 will be 219 pieces (10). Now we multiply this amount by the total area of ​​the masonry (11), additionally adding the amount of material for scrap (1500-2000 pieces) and we get approximately 28,800-29,300 pieces.

Calculations:

1. Рн= (12+10)х2=44 m.
2. Sc=44x3=132 m^2.
3. Sp=(1x2)+(1.2x1.5)x3=7.4.
4. Sk=132-7.4=124.6.
5. 0.12x0.065=0.0078.
6. 1/0,0078=128.
7. 128x2=256.
8. 124.6x56=31897.6
9. (0.12+0.007)x(0.065+0.007)=0.009144.
10. 1/0.009144x2=218.723.
11. 219xSk=219x124.6=27287.4.

Having analyzed both calculation options using an example, you can see that the first method is more economical.

How to use the table?

Since when preparing concrete and masonry mortars it is generally accepted to operate with the volumetric characteristic “1 m3”, we calculate (reduce to 1 m3) the amount of cement for the preparation of 1 m3 of mortar with the “cement-sand” ratios of 1:3 and 1:4.

When making practical calculations of the amount of cement, novice developers make a serious mistake. They believe that if it is necessary to prepare a solution from 1 part cement and 3 parts sand, then the weight of 1 m3 should be divided by 4 and thus obtain the number of components. Actually this is not true. Since cement particles are much smaller than sand grains, it fills the voids between the sand grains, so more cement is needed. To carry out any calculation of the components of cement and sand, we will accept the following assumptions:

• One “cube” – 1000 liters;
• The volume of a bag of cement weighing 50 kg is 36 liters;
• The weight of one “liter” of cement is 50/36 = 1.4 kilograms;

Option for cement:sand ratio 1:3

To prepare the solution you will need 1 m3 of sand and 1.3 m3 of cement, which corresponds to 333 liters of cement. 333x1.4=466 kilograms of cement will be required to mix 1 m3 of masonry mortar.

Option for cement:sand ratio: 1:4

To prepare the solution, 1 m3 of sand and 1.4 m3 of cement are required, which corresponds to 250 liters of cement. 250x1.4 = 350 kg of binder will be required to mix 1 m3 of masonry mortar.

Using the obtained calculation data and the table data, as an example, we calculate the amount of cement required to mix the amount of masonry mortar per cubic meter of brickwork from a single brick of a normal format with a thickness of “1.5 bricks”.

For 1 m3 of the specified masonry, you will need to spend 0.234 m3 of solution (table). Therefore, the amount of cement solution with a ratio of 1:3 is 466x0.234=109 kg; for a ratio of 1:4 – 350x0.234=82 kg.

Using the given technology and tabular data, you can calculate the required amount of cement for masonry mortars of any ratio of components - just substitute your data.

You can also use the calculator to calculate the required amount of bricks for your home, garage or outbuilding.

How can you tell if the solution is made correctly?

If the solution is prepared correctly, it will have the appearance of thick sour cream. Checking the quality is quite simple - take a little of the resulting mixture on the end of a shovel and see how it spreads (if it’s slow, then it’s of high quality).

Color compositions

Increasingly, modern houses are becoming colored, and this is available thanks to colored masonry mixture for bricks. Dark or white cement is also used, which is supplemented with dyes and polymers. The production produces a wide range of shades, and they also come in rich green. Polymer additives strengthen the composition, and therefore the seams will not change color even under the influence of precipitation. For bricks, they began to produce white mixtures for masonry, where fine-grained sand, which is supplemented with polymers, is used as a filler. This will ensure a high degree of plasticity and water absorption. Different shades of the mixture make it possible to combine the color of joints and bricks, embodying bold design solutions. If you use the composition when jointing, you will be able to reduce consumption. An example is the styling mixture Perel 0001, which has a snow-white tint.

Properties of the white mixture

The price of a package of white masonry composition is 570 rubles. The material can be used for bricks, and their water absorption varies from 5 to 12%. The maximum fraction is 0.125 cm. As for the moisture content of the mixture, it is no more than 0.3%. Water consumption for mixing varies between 0.15-0.19 liters. The suitability of the composition is equivalent to 2 hours, and the mobility of the mortar mixture is 5-6 cm.

Subtleties of kneading

Sand, the second important component, is also sold in bulk from bases and quarries. This material will require several times more to complete the work, so it is not practical to talk about purchasing sand by the kilogram; we will be talking about tons.

Competent specialists convince us that when mixing sand-cement mortar, it is important to make a mixture of suitable thickness that would be comfortable to work with. It is sand that gives the necessary plasticity to the solution; on the contrary, cement has a very fine grind, which is why its particles are not able to significantly affect the thickness of the mixture

Water should be poured into the solution in small portions, based on the weight, but not the volume of cement. However, you should not pour out all the liquid at once, so that later you do not have to correct the situation by mixing the components again and again by eye. The fact is that it is impossible to predict in advance how clean the sand will be, what its humidity will be, as well as the weather conditions in which construction will take place.

In addition to sand, water and cement, the mortar may contain other components: lime, clay, mixtures that help prevent the mixture from freezing, as well as additives that prevent the formation of efflorescence (whitish spots) on the walls.

Thickness of joints in masonry

Another parameter that affects the consumption of masonry mixture. There are standard dimensional parameters for the thickness of the gaps between bricks, which craftsmen must adhere to. It is these dimensions that ensure the strength of the entire structure. Here are their parameters:

• horizontal seams should have a thickness of within 12 mm;
• vertical 10;
• longitudinal in the range of 12-15 mm;
• transverse 8-10.

It is not always possible to adhere to these indicators. Causes:

• low skill of the workman;
• climatic conditions;
• geometric unevenness of bricks.

The last reason is considered the main one. Most often, this is a criterion for excessive consumption of masonry mixture. To lay the stones evenly, you have to increase the mortar in some areas to hide the unevenness of the blocks.

So, everything is clear with the thickness of the seam. The thicker it is, the more solution you will have to use.

Thickness of joints in brickworkSource etokirpichi.ru

Advantages and disadvantages of laying brick walls

According to some experts, the popularity of brickwork remains more due to tradition than quality. However, after the first experience of operating residential buildings made of insulation, many developers prefer to use time-tested building materials: brick, wood, cinder block. Their main advantages (ecological cleanliness, good sound insulation, strength) allow them to withstand competition in the modern building materials market quite well. Brick walls are able to bear the weight of reinforced concrete floors, which makes it possible to erect buildings of several floors. The durability of brickwork has been tested for more than one century. The ideally calculated size of the brick allows you to perform brickwork with the installation or installation of various decorative elements, to make walls of complex configurations, columns, arches.

To accurately calculate the weight of cement, you need to take into account the degree of leveling of each layer, the width of the seams, as well as other important nuances.

Negative properties of brick walls:

1. Products can absorb moisture in large quantities. In conditions of high humidity, dampness in the premises and mold may occur.
2. The specific gravity of the material, which increases the cost of its transportation.
3. The foundation is under significant load due to the heavy weight of the brickwork. After the construction of the walls is completed, shrinkage of the building may occur.
4. Wall installation work cannot be automated. Brick laying can only be done by hand. Without some experience, it is impossible to lay brick on an industrial scale.

The disadvantage of this material is its cost, so developers quite often use a combined wall design. The main supporting structure is made of wood; a layer of insulation is mounted on the outside. After the wooden walls undergo shrinkage processes, they are faced with finishing bricks.

Determination of cement content

It should be remembered that the masonry mortar begins to harden quite quickly, so it is not worth preparing it for future use.

The easiest way to perform the necessary calculations is to take 1 m3 of masonry as a basis, consisting of 400 bricks. On average, its installation requires 0.25-0.3 cubic meters of solution. Knowing this, you can make simple approximate calculations and determine the required consumption of binder per 1 m2; walls of any thickness.

Calculations are performed in the following sequence:

• calculate the area of ​​the wall by multiplying its length by its width;
• determine the expected volume of masonry work by multiplying the area of ​​the wall by its thickness. It should be noted that the construction of load-bearing structures is usually carried out in 1.5 or 2 bricks. Their thickness will be 38 or 51 cm, respectively. Internal partitions are made of 1 or 0.5 bricks, which will be 25 or 12.5 cm. For example, we give a calculation for the construction of a wall laid out with 1.5 bricks, the area of ​​which is 12 m2: 0.38 x 12 = 4.56 m3;
• the estimated amount of mixture for a given amount of work. 4.56 x 0.25 = 1.14 m3; It should be borne in mind that the estimated need may change both up and down depending on the material used and the experience of the craftsman. Therefore, the calculated amount is quite approximate.
• Knowing the required ratio of components, we determine the required need for cement: 1.14. 5 = 0.23 m3;
• since the weight of 1 m3 of cement is 1300 kg, then in this case you will need: 0.23 x 1300 = 296 kg.

The weight of one bag of cement is about 50 kg. This means that to build the wall taken as an example, you need to use 5 bags. Similarly, you can determine the approximate consumption of binder for any brick structure.

Types of masonry mortar

In order for the solution to be of the same quality, it must be made in the same proportions. To do this, you need to calculate the volumes of required materials based on the brand of cement and binder.

The brand of the building mixture determines its strength, that is, its ability to withstand loads. To ensure that each batch is of the same quality, all its components should be measured in equal doses. For these purposes, you can use any suitable container or scale. Masonry mixtures are:

1. Skinny. These mixtures are inconvenient due to their looseness, are characterized by a large amount of sand, and are not able to provide strength to the masonry.
2. Normal. They are prepared in accordance with the proportions and have a sufficient amount of both the binder component and the filler.
3. Fatty. They are distinguished by an overabundance of the binder component, so using such a mortar for masonry will lead to cracking.

Professionals determine the saturation of a masonry mixture as follows: if, when mixed, the solution does not stick to the shovel and freely “slides” off it, then it is thin. If the solution on the shovel lingers in separate small pieces, then it is normal. When, when stirred, it completely envelops the shovel, it means that this composition is fatty.

General recommendations

Regardless of the recipe, the requirements for the preparation of any of the composition options are practically the same. When mixing, follow these guidelines:

• clean all components from large particles;
• strain the lime water;
• first mix the powdered fractions evenly;
• dilute them with cold water, slowly pouring into the dry composition;
• mix the ingredients using a hammer drill with a special attachment or a concrete mixer.

By following the recommendations and taking into account the specifics of the work, you can always determine the amount of mortar per 1 m3 of masonry.