how to find out the weight of a concrete slab by size

During the construction of residential and administrative buildings, industrial and domestic complexes, and heating mains, standard reinforced concrete floors are widely used. Their relevance is due to a set of high performance characteristics in the field of reliability, strength, durability, safety and fire resistance. At the same time, building elements have different masses, which must be taken into account when loading on walls and foundations, when designing and constructing buildings and structures at the stage of selecting slabs.

The weight, dimensions and volume of reinforced concrete floor slabs depend on the purpose of the products. Currently, the building materials market has a wide selection of products that can be used in the construction of walls, ceilings, basements, attics, and in the construction of low- and high-rise real estate. It must be remembered that floor slabs are designed for a certain amount of load, representing elements of a building structure that, among other things, form the rigidity of the entire building and strengthen it. Regardless of the dimensions, the strength properties and load-bearing capabilities are directly influenced by the material used in production in the form of a concrete mixture. The slabs are also classified according to design features, which are reflected in the technical characteristics and their cost. In this regard, for the economic efficiency of construction work, it is rational to make the correct choice of reinforced concrete slabs, based on their size, purpose and the magnitude of the loads experienced.

Such different weights of concrete in 1 m3: table for calculating the mass of the solution and finished structures

In the process of calculating the load-bearing capacity of structures, or directly on the construction site, there is an urgent need to find out the weight of 1m3 of reinforced concrete, for example, dismantled structures.

In general, for medium-reinforced heavy concrete, the volume of the product is determined in m3, multiplied by the density of 2.5 t/m3, and the value in tons is obtained. This is what a simplified calculation of concrete weight looks like. But this is not a universal formula, since there are a large number of varieties of this building material. Let's talk about them.

What is bulk density and where to get it

The weight of 1 m3 of a substance without voids is called its true density.

There you can find the characteristics:

The unit of measurement is the same for everyone - it is t/m3 or kg/m3. Of course, going into subtleties and relativity, they are not equal to each other. But, if we are not talking about construction in space, then to find out how much 1 m3 of concrete weighs, you can use any of these values.

Especially for rough calculations on a construction site, or large-scale collection of weight for estimates or cargo transportation.

Note: if a dimensionless value is indicated, for example, as in the passport for reinforced concrete products, then you need to look at the number of characters. That is, if it is a 3 or 4-digit number (500, or 2400 as in the picture above), the unit of measurement will be kg/m3. If the value is small and fractional (0.5 or 2.4), it is indicated in t/m3.

Weight by type of concrete

Depending on the density, the following types are distinguished:

Foundations are usually laid from heavy reinforced concrete, and aerated concrete, expanded clay concrete and other cellular and other types are increasingly used for walls. The construction of nuclear power plants and bunkers for storing nuclear waste is carried out from especially heavy concrete. And especially lightweight ones are used for thermal insulation. The volumetric weight for each type will vary greatly.

Note: Sometimes you need to find out how much a liter of concrete weighs. It's simple: you need to convert liters into cubic meters and multiply by the reference value of the volumetric mass. 1l is equal to 0.001m3. Similarly, it is calculated how much a 10 liter bucket of concrete weighs. Accordingly, 10l is 0.01 m3

Depending on the brand and type, the weight of a cubic meter can be determined from the table:

Concrete volume calculator

In the literature you can find data on specific gravity, depending on its type and filler:

Brand and class of concrete, what is the difference?

The grade of concrete means the compressive strength in kgf/cm², and is the main indicator of its strength. The class is more often used by professional builders.

The brand and class indicators are similar. However, the latter uses the guaranteed strength, while the brands use the average strength value. The weight of a ton of concrete is 1000 kg.

Note: class B25 means that the material will withstand a pressure of 25 MPa in 95% of cases. Which roughly corresponds to the M350 brand. The weight of 1 m3 of B25 concrete is 2502 kg.

Another way to calculate the weight of concrete is to use the concrete weight calculator on our website. It will help you quickly determine how much concrete is needed for screeding, building a house, garage or cottage. Or understand how much a ton of concrete weighs.

Features of application and installation

The selection and installation of hollow-core PC slabs must be carried out only in strict accordance with the project. Based on it, a technological map (TC) of the work is developed, which indicates the composition of the team, the plan and diagram of the installation of structures, the necessary materials and equipment.

Mandatory conditions for installing PC boards:

The size of the PC support on load-bearing elements is selected according to the wall material: reinforced concrete from 80 to 150 mm;
brick from 80 mm to 160 mm; lightweight concrete blocks from 100 to 160 mm; iron structures - 70 mm. For any type of wall, it is not allowed to increase the support length beyond 200 mm, since the slab will begin to work like a pinched beam, and the loads will behave differently from the design ones.
It is not allowed to cover three walls at the same time with one slab. Because stresses will arise in it that are not taken into account by the calculations and the selected reinforced frame, which is why the slab will probably simply crack.
The voids are sealed with concrete to the depth of support of the slabs in order to strengthen this zone from additional stresses caused by newly formed pinching loads, in addition, this also protects the structure from water entering it.

Calculation of concrete composition

Lightweight concrete

This building material has a very porous structure, or it uses cellular fillers. Lightweight concrete can contain about 600 kg of sand per 1 m3. It is most often used in the form of ready-made blocks. Weight of 1 m3 of lightweight concrete is up to 1800 kg.

A table of concrete weights depending on technical characteristics and purpose is given below.

Note: the use of lightweight concrete in construction is beneficial. They make it possible to increase acoustic and thermal characteristics, reduce construction costs and reduce the weight of the building.

Heavy concrete

These are ordinary concrete reinforced with steel rods with crushed stone and sand fillers. Heavy concrete is used for all types of construction, including transport and hydraulic engineering, construction of road and airfield pavements and foundations. The weight of a cubic meter of heavy concrete can be from 1800 to 2500 kg, and of especially heavy concrete up to 3000 kg.

Note: in the supporting sections of structures and at joints there is usually a high percentage of reinforcement (up to 10%). Accordingly, the weight of the structure in this place is greater. After all, metal is heavier than stone. In turn, the intermediate sections will have an average percentage of reinforcement (3-5%). Small (about 1%) - in unloaded areas.

Table: weight of heavy concrete:

Name	Unreinforced or lightly reinforced	Medium reinforced	Heavily reinforced
Volumetric weight, t/m3	2,4	2,5	2,6

This building material is most often used for the construction of various basic reinforced concrete structures.

Rubble concrete

This is monolithic concrete, in which rubble stone is used as a filler - at least 40%.

It can be used for the construction of fences and various enclosures.

Note: reinforcement cannot be made in rubble concrete due to the shape of the stone, but reinforcing belts can be made. In this case, a protective concrete layer of at least 3 cm should be placed before the reinforcement.

The main advantages of such a foundation:

To determine the weight of rubble concrete, you can use the table:

Foundation material	Specific gravity, kg/m3
Rubble stone	1600-1800
Rubble concrete, brick	1880-2200
Reinforced concrete	2200-2500

Dry concrete

In cases where it is difficult to organize a place for storing concrete components and the passage of special equipment to a construction site, and the amount of work is expected to be small, it is more advisable to use ready-made dry concrete mixtures. It is easy to make a solution from them by simply adding a certain amount of water according to the instructions.

The weight of B15 concrete is 2432 kg. Note: the use of a ready-made solution from a dry mixture is no different from ordinary concrete. It can be used both for casting products and as monolithic concrete.

Advantages of dry concrete:

Consumption is 90-100 kg per 1 m2 with a layer thickness of 50 mm. They include Portland cement with a high strength grade (min. M400), fillers, and various additives. The manufacturer develops instructions for use for each type of concrete mixture. Learn more by watching the video in this article.

Note: the weight of dry concrete is determined by its composition, which is usually indicated on the packaging. There is a wide range of products on the market depending on the manufacturer. All of them are packaged in various containers, for example in bags. The weight of a tub of concrete should be indicated on the packaging depending on the brand and fillers.

Dry concrete mixture is suitable for individual construction and renovation. It does not require difficult conditions of transportation, storage and use and has all the useful qualities of the finished product and is not inferior to it either in strength or reliability.

Requirements for products depending on the place of application

The designer, knowing the weight of the panel, will be able to complete the loads to determine the bearing capacity of walls and foundations.
Hollow-core floors are designed to divide the internal space into floors in a building under construction . These elements are used to install on the foundation and separate the cellar in a private house from the rooms located above.

In this case, reinforced concrete products will serve as a floor, which will be covered with boards or laminate. Installation of the structure on the top floor in front of the attic forms a ceiling. In each case, the minimum weight of the floor will reduce the load on the support points.

Requirements for the weight of the floor on the foundation vary between 500 kg and 1.7 tons, depending on the type of foundation, while:

product thickness is not less than 22 cm;
the diameter of round holes can vary between 140-203 (mm);
modifications are filled with heavy concrete.

The weight of attic and interfloor ceilings does not differ from each other; they are subject to the same requirements, they must be light but durable. At the same time, such structures, despite the through openings, are produced weighing from 0.9 to 6.0 tons.

Calculation of permissible forces on load-bearing walls and partitions is carried out taking into account the weight of reinforced concrete products . No matter where the installation takes place, the surface must remain flat and not sag under the weight of installed objects.

How much does reinforced concrete weigh?

These are buildings or individual finished products made of concrete with working and structural reinforcement (reinforced). They have high fire resistance and resistance to the negative effects of subzero temperatures. In them, the calculated forces from all impacts must be absorbed by concrete and working reinforcement (clause 3.8 of SP 63.13330.2012).

Based on the type of manufacturing, the structure is divided into:

Prefabricated structures

They are made from pre-prepared elements (reinforced concrete products), the installation of which is carried out on the construction site according to the project. Prefabricated concrete products include foundation blocks, piles, various slabs, and crossbars. To find out the weight of reinforced concrete structures, you need to refer to the documentation for a specific product.

Note: all concrete products manufactured at the plant are subject to marking.

Monolithic reinforced concrete structures

The peculiarity of this type of work is that the structures are made directly at the construction site by laying the mixture into formwork. This allows you to erect a building or structure of complex shape and non-standard planning solutions in the shortest possible time.

The process of creating monolithic structures includes the use of reinforcement, which serves to uniformly distribute stress and deformation.

Depending on the shape and purpose of the structure, the grade of concrete, as well as the selected reinforcement scheme, the weight of monolithic reinforced concrete will differ. The number of rods and their cross-section matter.

The amount of reinforcement in the reinforced concrete body is usually taken as a reference. Its weight is determined according to the table:

How to calculate the weight of concrete? Let's look at the example of a strip foundation made of monolithic reinforced concrete grade M350, reinforced with rods with a diameter of 12 mm.

The volume occupied by reinforcement per cubic meter of reinforced concrete is calculated by the formula:

π r 2 L = 3.14 (0.006) 2 16 = 0.0018 m3, where:

We take the data from the table presented above.

It turns out that concrete occupies 0.9982 m3.

Thus, we obtain the weight of m3 of reinforced concrete: 14.13 + 2497.50 = 2511.63 kg.

Example: it is necessary to calculate the weight of a concrete screed 5 cm thick, class B20. From the table posted earlier, we determine that the specific gravity of 1 m3 of B20 concrete is 2348 kg/m3. Room area 15 m2. We get a weight of 15 * 0.05 * 2348 = 1761 kg - the weight of the concrete slab for this room.

Prefabricated monolithic structures

They consist of precast concrete products and cast-in-place concrete, which binds the entire structure together. The main role in this technology is played by the quality of adhesion between prefabricated elements and monolithic ones. Such structures combine the advantages of prefabricated and monolithic construction.

The weight in this case will depend on the components of the prefabricated monolithic structure.

Therefore, to determine it you need to:

Note: the technology for constructing prefabricated monolithic buildings allows the use of blocks and slabs from various types of concrete, depending on the purpose. Monolithic sections are made of concrete not lower than M100 with fine-grained filler. The weight of 1 m3 of M 100 concrete is 2494 kg, and the weight of 1 m3 of B20 concrete is 2348 kg.

Marking

Floor slabs are the horizontal structural elements of a rectangular building that divide the space into floors. In addition to their load-bearing function, such slabs are part of the “skeleton” of the structure, responsible for the rigidity of the entire building. They are based on concrete, so they have a number of advantages: strength, durability, fire resistance, weather resistance. The disadvantages include: relatively high mass, the presence of intrinsic stresses, high thermal and sound conductivity.
In order to simplify design and construction, the dimensions of the floors have been brought to a certain standard. Now the developer does not need to know all the intricacies of production technology; it is enough to be able to decipher the markings. Marking refers to encrypted information about dimensions, basic strength and design indicators.

It is carried out in accordance with GOST 23009 and is divided into 3 groups, which are separated by a hyphen. The first group includes data on the type of panel, the second group includes geometric characteristics (length/width). The third group indicates strength indicators, class of steel reinforcement and type of concrete. Let's look at the decoding of PC-48.12-8At-V-t, where:

PC – hollow panel;
48 – length 48 dm (4.8 m);
12 – width 12 dm (1.2 m);
8 – under a uniformly distributed load of 800 kg per m2;
At-V – prestressed reinforcement (class At-V);
t – heavy type of concrete.

The element height of 220 mm is not indicated, since it is standard for this type of product. Depending on the production method, slabs are divided into:

prefabricated (factory);
monolithic.

The latter are manufactured directly on the construction site.

The process consists of assembling the formwork, installing reinforcing bars and mesh, laying concrete and dismantling the formwork. Based on the design solution, reinforced concrete slabs can be like this.

Solid (full-bodied). The panel is flat, has high strength, low sound and heat insulation. Quite simple to manufacture, but more material-intensive. They have an impressive weight (600-1500 kg) with small sizes. Most often they are used as interfloor coverings of high-rise buildings.

Ribbed (U-shaped panels). Their distinctive feature is the alternation of thicker and thinner elements, thereby achieving the necessary bending resistance. They are more often used in the construction of industrial buildings, since in residential construction this configuration is difficult to finish. (P2)

Void. They are the most common type of concrete products. They are a parallelepiped with cylindrical voids, thanks to which the slab works well at bending moment, withstands heavy loads, allows you to cover large spans (up to 12 meters), and facilitates the laying of communications.

PC is the most popular type of reinforced concrete floor; there are holes inside with a diameter of 140 mm and 159 mm, the thickness of the product is 220 mm.

PNO is a modernized model with a smaller thickness of 160 mm. It can withstand greater loads due to thicker reinforcement bars. Lighter than conventional multi-hollow models, so this option is more economical.

EPS (expanded polystyrene, BP) - bench panels, a new generation, are manufactured using formless molding, which allows the developer to use his own dimensions. The downside here is the high cost.

How to calculate the weight of a concrete slab

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Density of concrete in this calculation = 2400 kg/m3

If you need to convert m3 to kg for any material with any density, then see the universal calculator for converting m3 to kg.

The density of concrete tends to change depending on the temperature and pressure of the environment. See reference books for exact density data.

The relationship between volume and mass is determined by a simple mathematical formula:

V – volume; m – mass; p – density.

You can quickly solve this simple mathematical operation using our online program. To do this, enter the initial value in the appropriate field and click the button.

This page provides the simplest online converter of units of measurement of cubic meters of concrete to kg. With this calculator you can convert kg of concrete to m3 and vice versa in one click.

Concrete is an integral part of renovation or construction. It has high strength indicators, is easy to use and provides buildings with durability and reliability. One of the main technical characteristics is the mass of concrete in one cube. Its value makes it possible to evaluate the composition, physical and mechanical properties of the material. This value is not constant, because depending on the specifics of the work, concrete is divided into several types, which differ in the ratio of components, structure, and most importantly, in specific gravity. Before starting construction, you need to carefully calculate the materials, and the question often arises, how many kilograms are there in a cube of concrete?

Separation of concrete by specific gravity.

The classification of concrete includes 4 groups with a weight range of 1 m3 of mixture:

1. Extra light – up to 500 kg.

They are also called cellular concrete; they do not contain large fillers. This solution consists of sand and concrete, and a foaming agent is added to it. Air pores form inside the solution (the volume of which is 85%). Lightweight concrete has a very low specific gravity: less than 500 kg. This group is most often used in the production of blocks and slabs, which serve as insulation materials in structures. Online calculation of the composition of cement mortar.

2. Light – 500-1800 kg.

For this type of concrete, various porous materials are used as fillers: foamed perlite, expanded clay, waste from various industries, vermiculite. The weight of concrete is reduced due to the porosity of the material, which is why it is called light.

The weight of 1 m3 of this species ranges from 500 to 1800 kg. Sand is not used in all types of lightweight concrete, but if it must be available according to the recipe, then its mass in 1 m 3 is about 600 kg. Lightweight concrete mortars are used when pouring fences, screeds, and block products.

3. Heavy - 1800-2500 kg.

This group of concrete solutions contains heavy and coarse fillers (coarse sand, gravel, crushed stone). The weight of 1 m 3 ranges from 1800 to 2500 kg. The recipe for heavy concrete shows that it is the fillers that occupy the bulk of the mixture.

The standard recipe consists of: crushed stone or gravel - 1200-1300 kg, sand - 600-700 kg, cement - 250-450 kg, water volume - 150-200 l.

This type of concrete is considered classic (traditional), they are widely used in various construction works, for example, pouring screeds, load-bearing structures, fences.

4. Particularly heavy – 2500-3000 kg.

This type of concrete is not used in the construction of private housing construction; most often they are used in nuclear reactors as a protective structure. The mass of 1 m 3 in such concrete ranges from 2500 to 3000 kg. The bulk of them is occupied by large aggregates.

Characteristics of hollow core slabs

Hollow-core slab products are the most widely used, having a wide range of models made in various sizes and designs. It is no coincidence that this type of product is in demand not only for the implementation of private low-rise real estate projects, but also for the construction of multi-story residential buildings and industrial facilities, as well as heating mains.

The slabs have a smooth and even surface, which allows minimizing finishing work, reducing the cost of leveling floors and forming screeds. The design of the products involves the formation of internal cavities, which can have either a round, semicircular or oval cross-section. At the same time, cavities make it possible to reduce the weight of building elements without reducing their mechanical strength, allowing for a number of significant advantages, including:

material savings at the production stage;
cost reduction;
ease of installation;
high performance in the field of noise insulation and heat saving.

According to manufacturing technology, hollow-core slab elements are divided into formless, lightweight and formwork. The product manufacturing process includes several placement stages. Inside the formwork or mold, use a reinforcement grid, pour concrete mortar and compact it. At the same time, products with a lightweight design have a third less weight.

The length of hollow-core floor slabs, made according to the regulations of the GOST 9561 standard, ranges from 1.5 to 9 meters, the width varies from 1 to 1.8 meters. At the same time, the mass of products, depending on the dimensions, ranges from 500 to 4000 kg. For PC slabs, the weight varies from 610 to 1830 kg.

For PB slabs the weight varies from 1910 to 3190 kg

Lightweight slabs weigh from 550 to 1700 kg

Hollow core slabs are the most convenient and acceptable for the construction of residential buildings. Providing a set of high performance characteristics in the field of fire resistance, strength, thermal conductivity, sound absorption, the products allow convenient use of channels for laying electrical wiring, ensuring maximum savings at the stage of installation and finishing work.

Changing the recipe of concrete mortar.

To change the mortar formulation, it is necessary to increase the amount of cement added and reduce the volume of added fillers. The solution recipe in this case may be as follows:

Cement M300 - 350 kg.

Due to the large reduction in the volume of crushed stone, the weight of concrete will decrease and the density will increase. There are no standard recipes that allow you to change the grade of cement to a lower or higher one. At home, it is very difficult to adjust a changing recipe to a new one. It is much easier to do this in a factory environment, where special laboratories do this. Therefore, it is recommended to use classic recipes that use the required components.

Calculation of the weight of concrete slabs

All construction companies face the need to find out the weight of a concrete slab or any other reinforced concrete product at one stage or another of construction. This question arises when it is necessary to transport concrete slabs, as well as directly during the construction of a building.

Concrete slabs with identical external parameters can differ significantly in their weight. The weight of the product is influenced by factors such as manufacturing technology, the composition of the concrete mixture, and what fillers were used by the manufacturer.

Features of the weight of concrete slabs

First of all, it should be noted that there are two values for the weight of a reinforced concrete slab - its specific and volumetric weight.

Specific gravity of a concrete slab. Speaking of specific gravity, ideally we mean a one-component material with 100% density, with a complete absence of pores. However, concrete products are created from several components, including various fillers, which give the slab structure and heterogeneity. Therefore, the calculation of the specific gravity in this case is made by adding together the specific gravity of the individual ingredients of the mixture, including the water that took part in the preparation of concrete.

Volumetric weight of the slab. Most often, it is the volumetric weight of the product that matters, since this indicator reflects the physical properties of the concrete slab. The importance of calculated data is difficult to overestimate. So, the lower the volumetric weight of a concrete slab, the less energy required for its installation, and the lower the cost of its transportation. At the same time, the indicator should not be less than the permissible minimum value so that the slab can perform the load-bearing functions assigned to it.

How to calculate the weight of concrete slabs

You can order concrete slabs from St. Petersburg from our company by choosing the type of product that suits the characteristics of your project.

Calculating the weight of a concrete product can be done in the simplest way, by weighing a sample, for example, one cubic meter. However, in the case of a finished concrete slab, this option is not relevant, so you can find out the weight based on data on the type of concrete and the filler used.

Permissible loads of a hollow floor slab

The exact calculation of permissible static loads on a floor slab is complex and is the topic of a separate publication. Within the framework of this article, an example of an enlarged calculation of the permissible load on a hollow-core floor slab will be given. As an example, consider the product 2PK24.10-5A-VC-C6.

Initial data:

A product marked 2PK25.15-5A-VC-C6, the weight of which is calculated above. This floor slab allows a static load of 500 kg/m2.
The total load from furniture, household members and other equipment is 50 kg/m2.
The load from the slab’s own weight is: 1863/(2.5x1.5)=496 kg/m2.
The total load on the slab is 496+50=546 kg/m2.

Conclusion. The 2PK24.10-5A-VC-C6 floor slab does not correspond to the actual load. A floor slab with a higher load capacity should be used.

Important note! Based on the practice of constructing buildings and structures, builders have developed a very simple calculation of the thickness of the floor slab depending on the span length. Calculation formula: distance between supports (walls) /32.

Example. The distance between the supports (walls) is 6 meters. Therefore, the thickness of the floor slab must correspond to 6/32 = 180 mm, no less.

Density and weight

The density value of the concrete part can be determined using a simplified method. Usually, when composing a mixture, the weight of each component is specified. By adding these indicators and excluding water from the sum (it gradually evaporates when it hardens), the desired density is obtained. For approximate calculations, use reference data depending on the grade of concrete for the manufacture of reinforced concrete products. The characteristics and scope of use of classic heavy concrete are shown in the table.

Concrete, brand	Average density, kg/m3	Application
M200	2390	Floor screed, blind areas, sidewalk paths, strip foundations for small structures, stairs, retaining walls
M250	2397	Monolithic foundation, blind areas, fences, stairs, non-load-bearing floors
M300	2407	Monolithic foundations, walls, floor slabs
M350	2412	All types of foundations, floor slabs, columns, beams, crossbars, pools, runways
M400	2420	Bridges, hydraulic structures (not used in private construction)

The reinforcement scheme also influences this. This concept includes the diameter of the reinforcing rods or wire, as well as the distance between them (pitch). The weight of the metal frame in 1 m3 of reinforced concrete products is small: this can be seen from the reference table:

Type of reinforced concrete products	Rod diameter, mm	Reinforcing mesh cell pitch, cm	Total length of rods, m/m3	Total weight of steel parts*in cubic meter of reinforced concrete, kg
Blind area of the building, concrete pavement of paths	8	20	16	6,5
Slab and strip foundations, horizontal slabs, support beams	12-16	18	16	14-25
Floors, unsupported beams (consoles)	16-18	13	49	77-97
Load-bearing and non-load-bearing walls, columns	14-18	13	48	59-97

*The specific gravity of reinforcing steel is 7850 kg/m3.

Knowing the density indicators of the concrete and steel parts, it is not difficult to determine the final density of the reinforced concrete structure. As an example, a calculation diagram is given for a floor made of M350 concrete with reinforcement from rods with a diameter of 18 mm. The second table takes the total length of the steel rods - 49 m.

1. The volume of reinforcement in 1 m3 of reinforced concrete is determined by the formula:

After substitution it turns out: V a = (3.14*0.018 2 /4)*49 = 0.012 m3.

2. The volume of the concrete component that contains reinforced concrete is calculated: V b = 1-V a = 1-0.012 = 0.088 m3.

3. The mass of the reinforcement is calculated as the product of its volume and the specific weight of steel: m a = 7850 * 0.012 = 94.2 kg.

4. The mass of the volume fraction of concrete is: m b = 2412 * 0.988 = 2384 kg.

5. The mass of reinforcement and concrete is summed up: 94.2 + 2384 = 2476.2 kg.

Reinforced concrete under given conditions has a density of 2476.2 kg.

Knowing how much 1 m3 of reinforced concrete weighs, the total weight of the structure is determined, breaking it down into its component elements if necessary. Such calculations must be performed during the design of a structure: the weight load is calculated to find out whether the foundation will support it.

It is advisable to calculate the specific gravity and total mass of reinforced concrete products when purchasing materials for construction work in order to include the costs of their acquisition and delivery in the overall cost estimate. When dismantling reinforced concrete structures, based on the weight of the disassembled parts of the building, the volume of work for dismantling and removal of construction waste is determined. Typically, calculations are performed by specialists from special service companies based on measurement results. Calculating the approximate weight of the garbage yourself is not difficult. The density of reinforced concrete products is conventionally taken to be 2500 kg/m3 and multiplied by the volume - the product of the measured dimensions of all components. The final tonnage is multiplied by tariffs for dismantling, loading, transportation, and disposal of the corresponding products.

Floor slabs are horizontal structures that serve as interfloor or attic partitions installed between the roof and the top floor of the house. In modern construction, they usually resort to installing concrete floors, and it does not matter at all how many levels the building has. In this article we will look at the types and sizes of floor slabs that are most often used on construction sites. These products make up the main share of products produced at concrete factories.

Permissible load weight

First, the reinforced concrete products are distributed on the drawing of the room , observing the rule that the slabs will rest on 2 sides.

The lower reinforcement of products should be taken into account in order to prevent local overloads by racks and columns. The material from which the walls are built is important for the calculation. It is necessary to determine the geometric length of the product according to calculated indicators equal to the distance between the walls. The next step is to start collecting expected loads.

To do this, you need to indicate on the plan what gravity forces will act on each floor:

screed;
insulation;
floor covering;
partition.

P = (a+b+c) : N, where:

P – permissible load level;
a+b+c – weight categories of all efforts on the panel;
N is the sum of the overlaps between the walls in the room.

By adding up the weight of the components and dividing by the number of floors, the maximum permissible load on each hollow slab is obtained.

It is impossible to set a critical maximum weight on the building box, which could destroy the structure, so the optimal value is calculated.

For example, the dimensions of a PC in length, width and thickness are equal to - 6300x1500x220 (mm). The product weighs 810 kg, and is intended to cover an area of 10 m2: 810 : 10 = 81 (kg) - the maximum can be loaded 1 m2. The weight of the object for which the load was determined is 600 kg per m2: 600 – 81 = 519 kg per 1 m2.

The next stage consists of collecting all the parts that will be loaded onto the floor . If they weigh approximately 100 kg per m2: 519 – 100 = 419 per m2.

The owner must know how many people will visit the room, what kind of furniture will be placed, plus the weight of the finishing, a total of another 150 kg: 419 - 150 = 269 kg - the optimal load on a floor covered with panels. Additionally, designers calculate the level of maximum bending moment.

Instructions for using the calculator

This online calculator will help you calculate:

Step 1: First, set the dimensions of the foundation slab - its length, width and height. Next, fill in the parameters for calculating reinforcement and formwork. When calculating reinforcement, it is necessary to indicate the dimensions (length and width) of the cell that makes up one layer (row) of reinforcement, and the number of such rows (sections) in the reinforcement cage. As well as the diameter of the reinforcing bar. For formwork, indicate the dimensions of the prepared boards.

Step 2: When calculating concrete, keep in mind that the amount of cement required to make one cubic meter of concrete is different in each specific case. This depends on the brand of cement, the desired brand of concrete produced, the size and proportions of fillers. Default values for the proportions and quantities of cement, sand and crushed stone are given for reference, as usually recommended by cement manufacturers. You can change these values according to your requirements.

Step 3: When calculating the cost of building materials, please note that the cost of sand and crushed stone in the calculator is indicated per 1 ton. In suppliers' price lists, the price is most often announced per cubic meter. So you will have to recalculate the price per ton of sand and crushed stone yourself or check with sellers. In any case, the calculation will still help you find out the approximate costs of building materials for pouring the foundation.

When planning, do not forget about wire for tying reinforcement, nails or screws for formwork, delivery of building materials, costs for excavation and construction work.

The concept of mass

The weight of standard reinforced concrete panels can be found in the construction manual or in SNiP. Manufacturers sell reinforced concrete products with accompanying documents indicating the main parameters:

brand of stove;
length;
width;
thickness;
weight in kg/m2.

After installation, the hollow core slab rests on the walls and holds its own weight, while there should be no deformations in the area - sagging or deflections. Its own kilograms serve as a load for the overlap, which the product experiences together with the influence of statistical and dynamic forces.

Variable forces are generated by people as they move across floors. Constant forces on the plate create:

Insulating and finishing materials.
Ceiling covering with floor screed.
Furnished with equipment and partitions.
Communication wiring, lamps.

Loads, distributed, concentrated or point, together with their own weight, influence safe operation. These parameters are calculated in order to use a certain type of hollow core slab in a specific project. The permissible load indicator is determined; it should not exceed the load-bearing capacity of the floor.

Monolithic structures

The previous and this type of panels have the same scope of application and are installed where there is a need to create a strong structure that can withstand heavy loads. Such a partition does not contain cavities and is created directly on the construction site according to available accurate calculations, so it can take on any configuration and dimensions, limited only by the area of the object being built.

In the article, we described in detail what types of floor panels there are, what standard sizes they have and where they are used most often, so you can choose the necessary products for the upcoming construction and get a strong, durable structure that can serve you for at least a century.

Consequences of incorrect determination of mass

Builders and engineers, when making calculations when installing reinforced concrete products, take into account the product data sheet.
Manufacturers accurately indicate design information in the technical specifications . The calculation of loads is carried out taking into account the conditions and indications of how much the floor can be loaded to the maximum.

If slabs are taken after dismantling buildings, before using them in other buildings, you need to calculate the weight of each item. Mistakes can be costly and the building can collapse like a house of cards.

Flooring is one of the main structural elements in construction. The slab, laid between the wall openings, serves as a regulator to distribute the forces acting on the supports, divides the interfloor space and creates rigidity for the building.

The weight of the floors makes it possible to calculate all the structural elements of the future building . And the presence of voids in the ceiling lightens the weight and reduces the load on the load-bearing walls and partitions on which the slab rests.

What determines the weight of a cubic meter of concrete?

No one will give a definite answer to this question without first asking several clarifying questions. The weight of concrete is a value that depends on a combination of indicators such as:

Depending on the above factors, the following types of concrete , differing from each other in their specific gravity, that is, the mass of a cubic meter:

Extra light

Most often these are cement mortars filled with small air bubbles or pieces of perlite, vermiculite and other light minerals. They are used as heat insulators, when sealing various seams, joints, and to eliminate cracks. They are not suitable for the manufacture of load-bearing structures. In this case, the weight of a cube of concrete does not exceed 500 kg.

Lightweight, grade M 100 or 150

The fillers in them are porous materials , for example, tuff, expanded clay or shell rock. There are types of mortars that do not contain either heavy or light stones. Their low weight is explained by the presence of pores in the cement mortar itself. These include foam and aerated concrete. A cubic meter of such mixtures can have a mass from 500 to 1800 kilograms . A significant proportion of them is occupied by sand, which can be up to 600 kg in a cube of the finished solution. Such concrete mixtures are used to make wall blocks.

Heavy, grades M 200, 250, 300

gravel or crushed stone act as fillers . They are prepared using the proportion 1:2:4:0.5 or 1:3:5:0.5, where the first number is the volumetric content of the binder component - cement, and the rest are sand, crushed stone and water, respectively.

For example, to prepare a cubic meter of such concrete mortar it will be necessary to spend from 250 to 400 kg of cement, depending on its brand, 600 - 700 kg of sand, 1200 - 1300 kg of gravel or crushed stone and fill this mixture with 170 - 200 liters of water.

What happens?

Hollow-core slabs are produced in different manufacturing technologies, which is why they are obtained:

Lightweight with a thickness of 160 mm.
Standard – 220 mm.

When designers create a building project, the weight of the slabs is taken from summary tables and normative and technical reference books. The weight of the product is also included in the transport characteristics of a specific type of reinforced concrete product. To independently determine the weight of hollow core slabs, you need the specific density of concrete and the dimensions of the technological holes.

Similar calculations will be needed when purchasing old used slabs , since the weight of new ones is indicated in the accompanying documentation. At the same time, for classic reinforced concrete products, the marking begins with the letters PC.

PB are lighter hollow-core slabs, but of modern production, without formwork. The factories produce hollow core slabs in accordance with GOST 26434-2015.

Plates with a thickness of 220 mm have a weight that depends on their dimensions in length and width:

4 x 1.0(m) – 0.8 t;
7 x 1.2 (m) – 1.0 t;
3.0 x 2.4 (m) – 2.2 t.

If we consider the production of hollow core slabs in accordance with the standards, the table shows selectively the most popular products:

Stove brand	Length (m)	Width (m)	Weight (t)
1PK24.12	2.4	1.2	0.9
1PC 27.18	2.7	1.8	1.4
1pc 30.18	3.0	1.8	1.7
1pc 30.30	3.0	3.0	2.8
1pc 48.36	4.8	3.6	5.4
1PC 51.12	5.1	1.2	1.9
1pc 63.18	6.3	1.8	3.5
1pc 66.18	6.6	1.8	3.7
1pc 66.30	6.6	3.0	6.2

The calculation of distribution loads, delivery to the construction site, and installation of the panel depend on the weight, an important characteristic of the floor slab. As well as choosing a crane with sufficient lifting capacity.

Types of plates and their features

The ceiling in the structure serves to separate floors from each other horizontally, as well as living spaces from attics and basements, and to block access to communications. In addition to the separating and enclosing function, it plays a protective role, giving rigidity to structures. Production is regulated by GOST 23009-78, which also establishes a system of alphanumeric designations. Indicate the type of product, brand of solution, linear parameters and additional information. Weight is not included in the marking; it is determined to a lesser extent by the type of concrete and to a greater extent by the dimensions.

This type of ceiling has a high specific gravity, since there are no cavities inside it. Standard ones are most often cast from heavy concrete. They will be much more massive when using a high grade. The weight of floor slabs is also affected by linear dimensions. Depending on the thickness they are divided into two types:

A lightweight 120 mm slab requires heat and sound insulation. After carrying out the appropriate work, the ceiling will weigh slightly more (the weight of the product, insulation, and sound insulator is added up).

According to GOST 19570-74, solid panels for indoors can be made from autoclaved cellular concrete (strength grade 25-150, volumetric weight - 800-1200 kg/m3) and used at a humidity of no more than 75%. Length - from 0.6 to 6.0 m, width - up to 1.5 m with a thickness of 200 or 250 mm. The standard ceiling of this group, brand P60.12-3.5Ya (6x1.12x0.25 m from M35) weighs 1.1 tons.

A separate type is additional elements that allow you to assemble structures of a standard size. These reinforced concrete products are selected according to their length; it is equal to the corresponding parameter of a conventional slab (1.8-5 m). The width is small and the weight is no more than 1.5 tons.

Thanks to special technological holes, the weight load exerted by the hollow panel on the foundation and walls is less significant. Depending on the number and configuration of cells, there are three types:

Due to the holes, the working cross-sectional area, volume and weight are reduced, and the load-bearing capacity is reduced. Among the advantages, it is worth noting improved heat and sound insulation properties. A product with internal chambers is usually used to form a basement or interfloor ceiling. The weight of hollow core slabs 6 m long, depending on the strength grade of concrete, is 2.8-3 tons. To enhance the thermal insulation effect and not increase the weight too much, you can fill it with cellulose, mineral wool, or foam plastic.

They represent beams connected to each other and filled with concrete. They have a U-shaped cross-section and are characterized by high load-bearing capacity and resistance to bending stresses. Not only solid-cast ribs work on bending, but also reinforcing metal elements. Powerful reinforced concrete floors are suitable for attics, industrial buildings, especially for “hot” shops and chemical production. They are rarely used in residential buildings: in this case, the panel will have to be covered with cladding, and this requires additional costs.

The weight of a standard size slab (3x6 m) may vary. It depends on the material from which it is made:

4. Made from polystyrene concrete.

Lightweight types, manufactured directly on the construction site from a mixture of expanded polystyrene, Portland cement and quartz sand. The ceiling provides high-quality thermal insulation and fire protection, absorbs noise, and has a high frost resistance index. Throughout its entire service life, the material retains its structure unchanged. Compared to reinforced concrete, they are less durable, although with standard strength indicators of 400-500 kgf/cm2 they cope with their functions quite well.

Flooring with a polymer additive helps solve the problem of reducing the load on load-bearing walls and foundations. A cube of reinforced polystyrene concrete weighs approximately 1 ton - this is approximately 2 times less than the specific weight of classic monolithic slabs made of heavy concrete (although somewhat more than hollow ones). Polystyrene panels are useful for reconstruction and overhaul of buildings with weak foundations.

The price depends on the quality of the materials used in production and the distance of the manufacturer from the construction site. When purchasing massive products, you can try to reduce costs: find out the terms of wholesale deliveries, get acquainted with promotional and bonus programs. To save money, they buy lightweight hollow options. Prices for floors in the Moscow region.

The weight of concrete is a value that is very important both during the construction and dismantling of concrete buildings. The design features of the foundation and floors of the house will depend on it. The same indicator is used to determine the number and carrying capacity of vehicles required to remove debris when a building is destroyed. How to determine how much a cube of concrete weighs?

Road slabs

Reinforced concrete road slabs are elements that are part of a complex of functionally related artificial engineering structures, designed to create a surface for urban roads of varying cross-country ability in order to ensure the safe movement of vehicles for a long time. In modern construction, road slabs are used in the construction of city roads, tram or railway tracks, runways at airfields, roads along which large-tonnage vehicles must travel, as well as in the construction of highways.

You can order road slabs, as well as consult with our specialists and select the required reinforced concrete structures. In our sales department you can find out in advance to clarify the price of road slabs and calculate the total cost of the order. You can buy road slabs and consult on general issues of purchase and delivery by calling the BLOK Group company: St. Petersburg: (812) 309-22-09 , Moscow , Krasnodar . Company operating hours: Mon-Fri from 9-00 to 18-00. The company GC BLOK delivers reinforced concrete road slabs throughout Russia directly to the customer’s site or to the construction site, if the infrastructure allows.

Road construction dates back to ancient times. Thus, the very first roads, consisting of superimposed crossbars made of ash, oak and linden with oak flooring on them, appeared in the 39th century BC on the territory of modern Britain and in the east - in Mesopotamia. The first paved roads, covered with limestone slabs up to 15 cm thick, were found on the island of Crete and date back to the 3rd millennium BC. At the same time, the first brick-paved roads appeared in ancient India. A powerful impetus for the development of road construction was the emergence of pack and wheeled transport: the developed states of the ancient world, interested in exploring and conquering new lands and developing trade, needed to carry out rapid movements of troops and trade caravans. The gradual improvement of transport and the beginning of technical progress in the 16th-17th centuries AD led to the need to improve the road network. Carriages appeared with a body suspended on belts, wooden springs, and later on steel ones, for which the existing roads made of large stones with an uneven surface and lack of drainage were inconvenient. By the end of the 18th century, “package” began to be used for road surfaces - stones in the shape of a truncated pyramid, which were installed close to each other with the base of the body on a sandy and soil base. When packing, the passage of carts ensured compaction of the base. At the end of the 19th century, due to the advent of road transport, the situation in road construction changed dramatically. Asphalt began to be used as a hard road surface - crushed stone from natural limestones or sandstones heated in boilers, which was impregnated with bitumen (solid or tar-like products, which are a mixture of hydrocarbons and their nitrogenous, oxygenous, sulfur and metal-containing derivatives), and then compacted on a stone base . Currently, asphalt roads are the most popular means of road construction. But technological progress does not stand still. A new milestone in the development of road construction was the use of reinforced concrete slabs for road surfaces.

The first road surfaces made of reinforced concrete were laid as an experiment in 1909 in Detroit, USA. The objective of the experiment was to determine how concrete would cope with physical and climatic loads. Durable concrete has shown excellent results, and today in the United States, asphalt roads are being replaced by concrete pavements. And this is not surprising, concrete roads have many advantages over asphalt roads: concrete roads have a service life of more than 40 years, while asphalt roads wear out within 10 years. At the same time, asphalt requires frequent repairs (every three to four years). Despite the fact that laying asphalt is financially cheaper than paving a concrete road, and in practical terms it is faster (asphalt dries faster), in terms of financial and time costs for maintenance and repairs, concrete becomes a more economical and expedient way to lay a roadway. In addition, as practice has shown, concrete is more resistant to physical influences from the outside, be it the mass of vehicles passing along the road or manifestations of aggressive precipitation (rainfalls, extremely low or high air temperatures). It is also worth noting that concrete is more environmentally friendly than asphalt: when laying asphalt, severe air pollution occurs, and vehicles driving on a concrete road consume less fuel, since concrete does not deform under the wheels of heavy equipment. In our country, where a variable climate prevails, the relevance of introducing concrete road surfaces instead of asphalt roads is obvious.

Reinforced concrete road slabs are monolithic or prefabricated slabs of various sizes and configurations. The slabs come in rectangular, hexagonal or trapezoidal shapes. The working surface of the plates, which must be in contact with the wheels of vehicles, is corrugated. The corrugation of the surface of the road slab is obtained by using a pallet shaped corrugated sheet steel according to GOST 8568-77 with rhombic corrugation. The depth of the reef must be at least 1 mm, for airfield pavements - at least 1.2 mm. The corrugated surface of the road slab must have a clear corrugation pattern without edges around the edges of the grooves. The roughness of the working surface of the slabs is achieved by treating the surface with nylon brushes or tarpaulin tape after compacting the concrete mixture.

According to their purpose, reinforced concrete road slabs are divided into:

road slabs for permanent use. Such road slabs are made of concrete with prestressed reinforcement. They are universal, as they allow the creation of roads in the shortest possible time, suitable for the movement of various types of transport, including heavy equipment, and they can be used in difficult climatic conditions;
road slabs for temporary use. Manufactured without prestressing reinforcement. As a rule, they are used for temporary roads of industrial enterprises under construction and existing ones;
previously used road slabs. One of the main features of reinforced concrete road slabs is the ability to use them repeatedly. Concrete pavement can be easily and quickly dismantled, while it retains its original technical characteristics and can be used again. Previously used reinforced concrete slabs are used in the construction of construction sites, temporary roads, and military camps. The obvious advantage of using used slabs is significant savings in both resources and money when constructing temporary roads.

According to the type of configuration, reinforced concrete road slabs are:

P (1P, 2P, PD) - rectangular road slabs;
PB - rectangular slabs with one combined side;
PBB - rectangular slabs with two combined sides;
PT - trapezoidal slabs;
ПШ - hexagonal slabs;
PShD - hexagonal axial diagonal slabs;
PShP - hexagonal axial transverse slabs;
DPSH - diagonal half of a hexagonal slab;
PPSh - transverse half of a hexagonal slab;
PAG - smooth airfield slabs;
PDS – slabs for use in areas with a design air temperature below -40°C;
PDN - slabs for use in places with difficult soil, hydrological and climatic conditions;
P - prefabricated slab;
PU - reinforced prefabricated slab;
PZh - railway slabs;
PZHU - reinforced railway slabs.
MP - monolithic cement concrete covering;
MPa - monolithic reinforced concrete covering.

Reinforced concrete road slabs are manufactured in accordance with GOST 21924.0-84 “Reinforced concrete slabs for covering city roads. Technical conditions". Road slabs for airfield pavements are manufactured in accordance with the standards specified in GOST 25912-2015 “Prestressed reinforced concrete slabs for airfield pavements. Technical conditions". Technical conditions for the manufacture of prefabricated road slabs are specified in series 3.503.1-91 “Road pavements with coatings made of precast reinforced concrete slabs for roads in difficult conditions” and 3.503.1-93 “Road pavements with coatings made of precast reinforced concrete slabs for temporary roads industrial enterprises". Monolithic and prefabricated road and railway slabs for covering passages and working areas of port areas are manufactured according to series 3.504.1-20 “Coating of passages and working areas of port areas”.

Road slabs are made only from heavy concrete grades M400 - M800 of medium density with unstressed or prestressed steel reinforcement. Concrete grades for frost resistance and water resistance are accepted for slabs intended for permanent roads in areas with the average monthly design temperature of the coldest month (according to SNiP 2.01.01), respectively: up to -5°C - F 100 and W 2; below -5°C to -15°C - F 150 and W 4; below -15°C - F 200 and W 4. Concrete grades for frost resistance and water resistance for slabs intended for temporary roads in areas with an average monthly design temperature of the coldest month: up to -5°C - F 75 and W 2; below -5°C to -15°C - F 100 and W 2; below -15°C - F 150 and W 2.

To increase the service life, granite or crushed limestone fillers are added to the concrete of road slabs, as well as plasticizing and air-entraining (gas-forming) additives.

As prestressing reinforcement for prestressed road slabs, rod thermomechanically strengthened reinforcing steel of classes At-V, At-IV and At-IVC and hot-rolled steel of classes A-V and At-IV should be used.

As non-prestressing reinforcement, reinforcing wire of class BP-I and rod reinforcing steel of classes At-IIIC, A-III and A-I should be used.

For airfield pavements (according to GOST 25912-2015), the reinforcement of road slabs is carried out as follows: prestressed reinforcement is installed in the longitudinal direction of the road slab, and non-prestressed reinforcement is installed in the transverse direction.

As prestressing reinforcement for slabs, bar reinforcing steel of classes A800 and A600, reinforcing ropes of types K7 and K7T with a tensile strength of at least 1770 N/mm² are used. Prestressed reinforcement should be used in the form of whole bars or strands without joints.

Non-prestressing reinforcement must be made of reinforcing steel of classes B500C, A500C, A400, A240 and reinforcing wire of class BP-1.

According to GOST 21924.0-84, the grade of the road slab consists of alphanumeric groups separated by a hyphen.

The first group contains the designation of the type of road slab, where:

1 – slab for permanent roads,
2 – slab for temporary roads;
R - rectangular,
PB - rectangular with one combined side,
PBB - rectangular with two combined sides,
PT - trapezoidal,
PS - hexagonal,
PSD - hexagonal axial diagonal,
PShP - hexagonal axial transverse,
DPSH - diagonal half of a hexagonal slab,
PPSh is the transverse half of a hexagonal slab.

The following indicate the nominal dimensions in decimeters (with rounding of values to the nearest whole number):

for rectangular slabs - length and width;
for trapezoidal slabs - length;
for hexagonal slabs - diagonal.

The second group gives the value of the load for which the slab is designed.

For prestressed slabs in the second group of grades, the class of prestressed reinforcing steel is also given.

The grade of slabs manufactured with grooves for loopless installation or with holes for a collet grip (instead of mounting loops) is supplemented with the letter B.

In accordance with GOST 25912-2015, road slabs are designated by marks consisting of alphanumeric groups separated by a hyphen.

The first group contains the abbreviated name of the plate:

PAG - smooth airfield slab.

In the second group, the thickness of the slab in centimeters and the characteristics of the prestressed reinforcement are given.

In the third:

index “1” is placed in the case of using 10 prestressing rods in PAG slabs;
the index is not given if 12 prestressing rods are used in the slabs.

In the fourth group they give:

>a digital index indicating the diameter of the prestressing rods (ropes) used, the number of which is determined by the design of the slabs, for example:

index “-1” - in case of using prestressed reinforcement Ø12 mm;
index “-2” - in case of using prestressed reinforcement Ø16 mm;
the index is not given when using prestressed reinforcement Ø14 mm.

The designation of stamps of the 3.503.1-91 series consists of alphanumeric groups, where:

PDN - stressed road slab, manufactured in a mold with folding sides;
PDNm - stressed road slab, manufactured in a matrix form (with beveled sides);
This is followed by numbers indicating the width and length, respectively, rounded to the nearest whole number, in meters;
А-V – class of prestressed reinforcement – А-V.

Marking series 3.503.1-93 consists of alphanumeric groups, where:

PD - road slab;
For slabs intended for use in areas with an average air temperature of the coldest five-day period below -40°C, the marking includes the letter index “C”.
This is followed by numbers indicating the geometric dimensions of the slab in terms of length and width in decimeters;
The load on the wheel in tf (tone-force) is indicated through a hyphen after the geometric parameters.

In accordance with series 3.504.1-20, road slabs are marked with alphanumeric values, where:

P - prefabricated slab;
PU - reinforced prefabricated slab;
PZh - prefabricated railway slab;
PZHU - reinforced prefabricated railway slab.
MP - monolithic cement concrete covering;
MPa - monolithic reinforced concrete covering.

The numbers after the letters, separated by dots, indicate the dimensions of the slabs (length, width and thickness), indicated in decimeters.

In accordance with series 3.503-17, slabs reinforced taking into account their operating conditions at design temperatures not lower than -40°C must be marked:

slabs 150x175x18 cm, with a wheel load of 6 and 9.5 tons - PD 1-6 and PD 1-9.5, respectively;
slabs 150x300x18 cm, with a wheel load of 6 and 9.5 tons - PD 2-6 and PD 2-9.5, respectively;
slabs 150x300x22 cm, with a wheel load of 16 and 23 tons - PD 3-16 and PD 3-23, respectively.

The letter index means “road slab”, the first number after the index is the standard size of the slab, the number after the dash is the load on the wheel.

In brands of slabs intended for operation at design temperatures below -40°C, the letter index C is added.

The requirements for the accuracy of manufacturing road slabs are determined by GOST 21924.0-84.

The values of the maximum actual deviations from the linear size of road slabs should not exceed (the values for temporary roads are given in parentheses):

For slab length and width:

up to 2.5 m: ±6 (10) mm;
from 2.5 to 4 m: ±8 (12) mm;
from 4 m: ±10 (15) mm.

Deviations from the straightness of the profile of the upper surface of the slab in any section over the entire length or width (values for temporary roads are given in parentheses):

For slab length and width:

up to 2.5 m - 4 (6) mm;
from 2.5 to 4.0 m - 5 (8) mm;
St. 4.0 m - 6 (10) mm;

The dimensions of cavities and local sagging on the working surface of the road slab should not exceed:

by diameter or largest size of shells - 15 mm;
the depth of the shells and the height of local sagging - 10 mm.

The dimensions of sinks on the non-working surface and side edges of the slab should not exceed 20 mm in diameter or largest dimension.

Concrete ribs (with their total length per 1 m of ribs up to 100 mm) should not exceed 10 mm in depth, measured along the working surface of the slab, and 20 mm - along the non-working surface of the slab. On the surfaces of the slabs, surface shrinkage and technological cracks of no width are allowed more than 0.1 mm and a length of no more than 50 mm in an amount of no more than five per 1.5 m² of slab surface.

Acceptance of slabs in terms of concrete strength (class of compressive strength, tempering and transfer strength), location of reinforcement and tension of prestressing reinforcement, compliance of reinforcement products, strength of welded joints, thickness of the protective layer of concrete to reinforcement, accuracy of geometric parameters, quality of surfaces should be carried out according to results of acceptance tests and control.

Acceptance of hexagonal slabs in terms of tensile strength of concrete in bending is carried out according to the results of acceptance tests, and rectangular and trapezoidal slabs - according to the results of periodic tests at least once a month.

The slabs must be stored and transported in the working (horizontal) position. Road slabs should be stored in warehouses of shippers and consignees in stacks, sorted by brand and batch. The height of the stack should be no more than 2.0 m. The bottom row of slabs in the stack should be laid on a dense, carefully leveled base on pads located at the places where the slabs are lifted. The thickness of the pads should be at least 100 mm for a soil base, and at least 50 mm for a rigid base. When stored in a stack, as well as during transportation, road slabs must be laid on transverse pads with a thickness of at least 25 mm, located strictly vertically, one above the other at the places where the slabs are lifted. In this case, it should be ensured that each reinforced concrete slab can be picked up by a crane and lifted freely for loading onto vehicles and installation. Loading, transportation and unloading of slabs must be carried out in compliance with measures to prevent the possibility of damage to the slabs.

How to calculate the mass of a cubic meter of concrete

All the above parameters are regulated by SNiP standards No. II-3 , established back in 1979. This document also provides more precise values for concrete using specific aggregates (all values in kg/cubic meter):

You can also determine the mass of a cubic meter of ready-made concrete based on its brand. The specific gravity of concrete in kg/cubic meter is given below:

Table “Specific gravity of concrete (1m3) of various grades”

If you need data specifically for your concrete, and not average indicators, you can make the calculations yourself. To do this, you need to know the content and brand of each component of the mixture.